Sensory Characteristics and Antioxidant Activity of Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim. Pericarps. 2019

Yao Ma, and Yuan Wang, and Xuan Li, and Li-Xiu Hou, and An-Zhi Wei
College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, No.3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, P. R. China.

Zanthoxylum bungeanum extracts were prepared using seven solvents: water, methanol, ethanol, acetic acid, ethyl acetate, chloroform, and benzene. The volatile composition in the extracts was qualitatively analyzed using headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography mass spectrometry detection, and the alkylamide composition was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography. The extract compositions differed with respect to the solvents. A total of 49 volatile components belonging to four groups, terpenoids, alcohols, esters, and ketones, were identified in the extracts. The Z. bungeanum extracts were either ester or terpenoid type, dominated by linalyl acetate. The extracts were divided into three distinct groups based on principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis. Water, methanol, and ethanol extracts could be applied in the food and pharmaceutical industries.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D010936 Plant Extracts Concentrated pharmaceutical preparations of plants obtained by removing active constituents with a suitable solvent, which is evaporated away, and adjusting the residue to a prescribed standard. Herbal Medicines,Plant Extract,Extract, Plant,Extracts, Plant,Medicines, Herbal
D004952 Esters Compounds derived from organic or inorganic acids in which at least one hydroxyl group is replaced by an –O-alkyl or another organic group. They can be represented by the structure formula RCOOR’ and are usually formed by the reaction between an acid and an alcohol with elimination of water. Ester
D000975 Antioxidants Naturally occurring or synthetic substances that inhibit or retard oxidation reactions. They counteract the damaging effects of oxidation in animal tissues. Anti-Oxidant,Antioxidant,Antioxidant Activity,Endogenous Antioxidant,Endogenous Antioxidants,Anti-Oxidant Effect,Anti-Oxidant Effects,Anti-Oxidants,Antioxidant Effect,Antioxidant Effects,Activity, Antioxidant,Anti Oxidant,Anti Oxidant Effect,Anti Oxidant Effects,Anti Oxidants,Antioxidant, Endogenous,Antioxidants, Endogenous
D012997 Solvents Liquids that dissolve other substances (solutes), generally solids, without any change in chemical composition, as, water containing sugar. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed) Solvent
D013729 Terpenes A class of compounds composed of repeating 5-carbon units of HEMITERPENES. Isoprenoid,Terpene,Terpenoid,Isoprenoids,Terpenoids
D014835 Volatilization A phase transition from liquid state to gas state, which is affected by Raoult's law. It can be accomplished by fractional distillation. Vaporization,Volatility
D016000 Cluster Analysis A set of statistical methods used to group variables or observations into strongly inter-related subgroups. In epidemiology, it may be used to analyze a closely grouped series of events or cases of disease or other health-related phenomenon with well-defined distribution patterns in relation to time or place or both. Clustering,Analyses, Cluster,Analysis, Cluster,Cluster Analyses,Clusterings
D025341 Principal Component Analysis Mathematical procedure that transforms a number of possibly correlated variables into a smaller number of uncorrelated variables called principal components. Analyses, Principal Component,Analysis, Principal Component,Principal Component Analyses
D032106 Zanthoxylum A plant genus of the family RUTACEAE. Some members of Zanthoxylum are reclassified from ELEUTHEROCOCCUS, Melicope, and EVODIA. The twigs are used as dental brushing sticks (TOOTHBRUSHING). Most plants that are called Fagara have been reclassified as Zanthoxylum, however some Fagara were reclassified to MELICOPE (also in the Rutacea family) or to GLEDITSIA (a genus in the FABACEAE family). Xanthoxylum,Fagara ailanthoides,Fagara boninensis,Fagara coco,Fagara cuspidata,Fagara heitzii,Fagara leprieurii,Fagara macrophylla,Fagara mayu,Fagara monophyllum,Fagara nitidum,Fagara rhetza,Fagara rubescens,Fagara tessmannii,Fagara xanthoxyloides,Fagara zanthoxyloides,Xanthoxylum cuspidatum,Xanthoxylum inerme,Zanthoxylum ailanthoides,Zanthoxylum coco,Zanthoxylum fagara,Zanthoxylum gilletii,Zanthoxylum heitzii,Zanthoxylum leprieurii,Zanthoxylum mayu,Zanthoxylum monophyllum,Zanthoxylum nitidum,Zanthoxylum rhetza,Zanthoxylum rubescens,Fagara ailanthoide,Fagara boninenses,Fagara cocos,Fagara cuspidatas,Fagara heitzius,Fagara leprieurius,Fagara macrophyllas,Fagara mayus,Fagara monophyllums,Fagara nitidums,Fagara rhetzas,Fagara rubescen,Fagara tessmannius,Fagara xanthoxyloide,Fagara zanthoxyloide,Xanthoxylum cuspidatums,Xanthoxylum inermes,Xanthoxylums,Zanthoxylum ailanthoide,Zanthoxylum cocos,Zanthoxylum fagaras,Zanthoxylum gilletius,Zanthoxylum heitzius,Zanthoxylum leprieurius,Zanthoxylum mayus,Zanthoxylum monophyllums,Zanthoxylum nitidums,Zanthoxylum rhetzas,Zanthoxylum rubescen,Zanthoxylums,ailanthoide, Fagara,ailanthoide, Zanthoxylum,ailanthoides, Fagara,ailanthoides, Zanthoxylum,boninenses, Fagara,coco, Fagara,coco, Zanthoxylum,cocos, Fagara,cocos, Zanthoxylum,cuspidata, Fagara,cuspidatas, Fagara,cuspidatum, Xanthoxylum,cuspidatums, Xanthoxylum,fagaras, Zanthoxylum,gilletii, Zanthoxylum,gilletius, Zanthoxylum,heitzii, Fagara,heitzii, Zanthoxylum,heitzius, Fagara,heitzius, Zanthoxylum,inerme, Xanthoxylum,leprieurii, Fagara,leprieurii, Zanthoxylum,leprieurius, Fagara,leprieurius, Zanthoxylum,macrophylla, Fagara,macrophyllas, Fagara,mayu, Fagara,mayu, Zanthoxylum,mayus, Fagara,mayus, Zanthoxylum,monophyllum, Fagara,monophyllum, Zanthoxylum,monophyllums, Fagara,monophyllums, Zanthoxylum,nitidum, Fagara,nitidum, Zanthoxylum,nitidums, Fagara,nitidums, Zanthoxylum,rhetza, Fagara,rhetza, Zanthoxylum,rubescen, Fagara,rubescen, Zanthoxylum,rubescens, Fagara,rubescens, Zanthoxylum,tessmannii, Fagara,tessmannius, Fagara,xanthoxyloides, Fagara,zanthoxyloides, Fagara
D039821 Monoterpenes Compounds with a core of 10 carbons generally formed via the mevalonate pathway from the combination of 3,3-dimethylallyl pyrophosphate and isopentenyl pyrophosphate. They are cyclized and oxidized in a variety of ways. Due to the low molecular weight many of them exist in the form of essential oils (OILS, VOLATILE). Monoterpene,Monoterpenoid,Monoterpenoids

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