Sympathetic Innervation and Adrenergic Receptors in Equine Deep Digital Flexor Tendinopathy: Preliminary Results. 2018

F Beccati, and M Pepe, and L Antinori, and L Pascucci, and E Chiaradia, and M T Mandara
Sport Horses Studies Centre, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, Perugia, Italy. Electronic address: francesca.beccati@unipg.it.

The aim of this study was to delineate the pattern of sympathetic innervation in the suprasesamoidean region of the deep digital flexor tendon (DDFT) in horses with tendinopathy by immunohistochemical labelling for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and α-1 adrenergic receptor (α1-AR). Twelve forelimbs were obtained from 10 horses with DDFT tendinopathy and six feet obtained from six horses were used as healthy controls. Post-mortem radiographic, ultrasonographic and gross examinations were performed on the suprasesamoidean area of the DDFT to assess the presence of tendinopathy. Longitudinal sections were collected and processed. Lesions were classified as core lesions, dorsal border lesions and parasagittal oblique splits. Immunohistochemistry was performed and the degree of immunoreaction was classified as absent, mild or marked. Seven core lesions, four dorsal border lesions and one parasagittal oblique split were identified. There was no increased expression of sympathetic innervation in samples with a dorsal border lesion of the DDFT compared with healthy samples. In contrast, core lesions showed increased expression of α1-AR and reduced expression of TH, which supports the hypothesis of a compensatory imbalance between the sympathetic mediator and the sympathetic receptors as a cause or effect of structural damage. In addition, adrenergic activation could stimulate cell proliferation and differentiation within these lesions.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D006734 Horse Diseases Diseases of domestic and wild horses of the species Equus caballus. Equine Diseases,Disease, Equine,Disease, Horse,Diseases, Equine,Diseases, Horse,Equine Disease,Horse Disease
D006736 Horses Large, hoofed mammals of the family EQUIDAE. Horses are active day and night with most of the day spent seeking and consuming food. Feeding peaks occur in the early morning and late afternoon, and there are several daily periods of rest. Equus caballus,Equus przewalskii,Horse, Domestic,Domestic Horse,Domestic Horses,Horse,Horses, Domestic
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013564 Sympathetic Nervous System The thoracolumbar division of the autonomic nervous system. Sympathetic preganglionic fibers originate in neurons of the intermediolateral column of the spinal cord and project to the paravertebral and prevertebral ganglia, which in turn project to target organs. The sympathetic nervous system mediates the body's response to stressful situations, i.e., the fight or flight reactions. It often acts reciprocally to the parasympathetic system. Nervous System, Sympathetic,Nervous Systems, Sympathetic,Sympathetic Nervous Systems,System, Sympathetic Nervous,Systems, Sympathetic Nervous
D013710 Tendons Fibrous bands or cords of CONNECTIVE TISSUE at the ends of SKELETAL MUSCLE FIBERS that serve to attach the MUSCLES to bones and other structures. Endotenon,Epotenon,Tendons, Para-Articular,Tendons, Paraarticular,Endotenons,Epotenons,Para-Articular Tendon,Para-Articular Tendons,Paraarticular Tendon,Paraarticular Tendons,Tendon,Tendon, Para-Articular,Tendon, Paraarticular,Tendons, Para Articular
D052256 Tendinopathy Clinical syndrome describing overuse tendon injuries characterized by a combination of PAIN, diffuse or localized swelling, and impaired performance. Tendinitis,Tendinosis,Tendonitis,Tendonopathy,Tendonosis,Tendinitides,Tendinopathies,Tendinoses,Tendonitides,Tendonopathies,Tendonoses
D018340 Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1 A subclass of alpha-adrenergic receptors that mediate contraction of SMOOTH MUSCLE in a variety of tissues such as ARTERIOLES; VEINS; and the UTERUS. They are usually found on postsynaptic membranes and signal through GQ-G11 G-PROTEINS. Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptors,Receptors, alpha-1 Adrenergic,alpha-1 Adrenergic Receptors,Adrenergic Receptor, alpha-1,Adrenergic alpha-1A Receptors,Adrenergic alpha-1B Receptors,Adrenergic alpha-1D Receptors,Receptor, Adrenergic, alpha-1,Receptor, Adrenergic, alpha-1A,Receptor, Adrenergic, alpha-1B,Receptor, Adrenergic, alpha-1D,Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1A,Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1B,Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1D,alpha 1 Adrenergic Receptor,alpha-1A Adrenergic Receptor,alpha-1B Adrenergic Receptor,alpha-1C Adrenergic Receptor,alpha-1D Adrenergic Receptor,Adrenergic Receptor, alpha 1,Adrenergic Receptor, alpha-1A,Adrenergic Receptor, alpha-1B,Adrenergic Receptor, alpha-1C,Adrenergic Receptor, alpha-1D,Adrenergic Receptors, alpha-1,Adrenergic alpha 1 Receptors,Adrenergic alpha 1A Receptors,Adrenergic alpha 1B Receptors,Adrenergic alpha 1D Receptors,Receptor, alpha-1 Adrenergic,Receptor, alpha-1A Adrenergic,Receptor, alpha-1B Adrenergic,Receptor, alpha-1C Adrenergic,Receptor, alpha-1D Adrenergic,Receptors, Adrenergic alpha-1,Receptors, Adrenergic alpha-1A,Receptors, Adrenergic alpha-1B,Receptors, Adrenergic alpha-1D,Receptors, alpha 1 Adrenergic,alpha 1 Adrenergic Receptors,alpha 1A Adrenergic Receptor,alpha 1B Adrenergic Receptor,alpha 1C Adrenergic Receptor,alpha 1D Adrenergic Receptor,alpha-1 Adrenergic Receptor,alpha-1 Receptors, Adrenergic,alpha-1A Receptors, Adrenergic,alpha-1B Receptors, Adrenergic,alpha-1D Receptors, Adrenergic

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