In vitro bactericidal activity of 0.6% povidone-iodine eye drops formulation. 2019

Rosario Musumeci, and Francesco Bandello, and Marianna Martinelli, and Enrico Calaresu, and Clementina Elvezia Cocuzza
Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology and Virology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the bactericidal activity of a diluted povidone-iodine formulation (0.6%) in comparison with the most used 5% povidone-iodine solution ophthalmic preparation. METHODS In vitro bactericidal activity comparison between 0.6% povidone-iodine versus 5% povidone-iodine formulations, against these bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300, Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228, linezolid-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis α99 strain, a clinical isolate, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. RESULTS About 0.6% povidone-iodine formulation was demonstrated to be faster than 5% povidone-iodine preparation in killing Gram-positive as well as Gram-negative bacteria. Against a linezolid-resistant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis strain, 0.6% povidone-iodine formulation showed the best antiseptic efficacy requirement of 3-log10 reduction in bacterial load, if compared with the 5% povidone-iodine formulation. CONCLUSIONS Our investigation has demonstrated that the more diluted 0.6% preparation was more rapidly bactericidal than the 5% povidone-iodine formulation, most probably due to the fact that dilution from 5% to 0.6% increases the amount of free iodine. While our finding must be confirmed by in vivo clinical studies, this fact constitutes an intriguing news for what concerns the use of povidone-iodine eye drops in the ocular surface treatment before intravitreal injections as well as ophthalmic surgery.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008826 Microbial Sensitivity Tests Any tests that demonstrate the relative efficacy of different chemotherapeutic agents against specific microorganisms (i.e., bacteria, fungi, viruses). Bacterial Sensitivity Tests,Drug Sensitivity Assay, Microbial,Minimum Inhibitory Concentration,Antibacterial Susceptibility Breakpoint Determination,Antibiogram,Antimicrobial Susceptibility Breakpoint Determination,Bacterial Sensitivity Test,Breakpoint Determination, Antibacterial Susceptibility,Breakpoint Determination, Antimicrobial Susceptibility,Fungal Drug Sensitivity Tests,Fungus Drug Sensitivity Tests,Sensitivity Test, Bacterial,Sensitivity Tests, Bacterial,Test, Bacterial Sensitivity,Tests, Bacterial Sensitivity,Viral Drug Sensitivity Tests,Virus Drug Sensitivity Tests,Antibiograms,Concentration, Minimum Inhibitory,Concentrations, Minimum Inhibitory,Inhibitory Concentration, Minimum,Inhibitory Concentrations, Minimum,Microbial Sensitivity Test,Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations,Sensitivity Test, Microbial,Sensitivity Tests, Microbial,Test, Microbial Sensitivity,Tests, Microbial Sensitivity
D009883 Ophthalmic Solutions Sterile solutions that are intended for instillation into the eye. It does not include solutions for cleaning eyeglasses or CONTACT LENS SOLUTIONS. Eye Drop,Eyedrop,Eyedrops,Ophthalmic Solution,Eye Drops,Drop, Eye,Drops, Eye,Solution, Ophthalmic,Solutions, Ophthalmic
D011206 Povidone-Iodine An iodinated polyvinyl polymer used as topical antiseptic in surgery and for skin and mucous membrane infections, also as aerosol. The iodine may be radiolabeled for research purposes. PVP-Iodine,Polyvinylpyrrolidone Iodine,Alphadine,Betadine,Betaisodona,Disadine,Isodine,PVP-I,Pharmadine,Providine,Alphadines,Betadines,Disadines,Isodines,PVP Iodine,PVP-Iodines,Pharmadines,Polyvinylpyrrolidone Iodines,Povidone Iodine,Povidone-Iodines,Providines
D011550 Pseudomonas aeruginosa A species of gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria commonly isolated from clinical specimens (wound, burn, and urinary tract infections). It is also found widely distributed in soil and water. P. aeruginosa is a major agent of nosocomial infection. Bacillus aeruginosus,Bacillus pyocyaneus,Bacterium aeruginosum,Bacterium pyocyaneum,Micrococcus pyocyaneus,Pseudomonas polycolor,Pseudomonas pyocyanea
D004364 Pharmaceutical Preparations Drugs intended for human or veterinary use, presented in their finished dosage form. Included here are materials used in the preparation and/or formulation of the finished dosage form. Drug,Drugs,Pharmaceutical,Pharmaceutical Preparation,Pharmaceutical Product,Pharmaceutic Preparations,Pharmaceutical Products,Pharmaceuticals,Preparations, Pharmaceutical,Preparation, Pharmaceutical,Preparations, Pharmaceutic,Product, Pharmaceutical,Products, Pharmaceutical
D004926 Escherichia coli A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc. Alkalescens-Dispar Group,Bacillus coli,Bacterium coli,Bacterium coli commune,Diffusely Adherent Escherichia coli,E coli,EAggEC,Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli,Enterococcus coli,Diffusely Adherent E. coli,Enteroaggregative E. coli,Enteroinvasive E. coli,Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000891 Anti-Infective Agents, Local Substances used on humans and other animals that destroy harmful microorganisms or inhibit their activity. They are distinguished from DISINFECTANTS, which are used on inanimate objects. Anti-Infective Agents, Topical,Antiseptic,Antiseptics,Microbicides, Local,Microbicides, Topical,Antiinfective Agents, Local,Antiinfective Agents, Topical,Local Anti-Infective Agents,Local Antiinfective Agents,Topical Anti-Infective Agents,Topical Antiinfective Agents,Agents, Local Anti-Infective,Agents, Local Antiinfective,Agents, Topical Anti-Infective,Agents, Topical Antiinfective,Anti Infective Agents, Local,Anti Infective Agents, Topical,Local Anti Infective Agents,Local Microbicides,Topical Anti Infective Agents,Topical Microbicides
D001419 Bacteria One of the three domains of life (the others being Eukarya and ARCHAEA), also called Eubacteria. They are unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms which generally possess rigid cell walls, multiply by cell division, and exhibit three principal forms: round or coccal, rodlike or bacillary, and spiral or spirochetal. Bacteria can be classified by their response to OXYGEN: aerobic, anaerobic, or facultatively anaerobic; by the mode by which they obtain their energy: chemotrophy (via chemical reaction) or PHOTOTROPHY (via light reaction); for chemotrophs by their source of chemical energy: CHEMOLITHOTROPHY (from inorganic compounds) or chemoorganotrophy (from organic compounds); and by their source for CARBON; NITROGEN; etc.; HETEROTROPHY (from organic sources) or AUTOTROPHY (from CARBON DIOXIDE). They can also be classified by whether or not they stain (based on the structure of their CELL WALLS) with CRYSTAL VIOLET dye: gram-negative or gram-positive. Eubacteria
D013211 Staphylococcus aureus Potentially pathogenic bacteria found in nasal membranes, skin, hair follicles, and perineum of warm-blooded animals. They may cause a wide range of infections and intoxications.

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