A case of congenital thoracic kidney recently encountered at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria is presented. Ectopic intrathoracic kidney, although very rare, should be considered in any patient with a mass at the base of the lung on a chest radiograph. Intravenous urography is diagnostic and may obviate the need for extensive investigation and operation for an asymptomatic kidney that functions normally and requires no treatment.
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