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Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a glycoprotein important as a tumor marker for colonic cancer. Immunological and biochemical studies have shown it to be closely related to a number of other glycoproteins, which together make up a gene family. We have cloned a member of this gene family by using long oligonucleotide probes (42-54 nucleotides) based on our protein sequence data for CEA and NCA (nonspecific cross-reacting antigen) and on human codon usage. The clone obtained (lambda 39.2) hybridizes with six probes and has a 15-kilobase insert. The 5' end of the gene is contained within a 2700-base-pair EcoRI fragment, which hybridizes with five of the six synthetic probes. Sequencing of the 5' end region revealed the location and structure of one exon and two putative intron boundaries. The exon encodes part of the leader sequence and the NH2-terminal 107 amino acids of NCA. Southern blot analysis of human normal and tumor DNA, using as probes two lambda 39.2 fragments that contain coding sequences, suggests the existence of 9-11 genes for the CEA family. One of the restriction fragments described here has been used by Zimmermann et al. [Zimmermann, W., Ortlieb, B., Friedrich, R. & von Kleist, S. (1987) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84, 2960-2964] to isolate partial cDNA clones for CEA. The identity of this clone was verified with our protein sequence data [Paxton, R., Mooser, G., Pande, H., Lee, T.D. & Shively, J.E. (1987) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84, 920-924]. We discuss a domain structure for CEA based on the CEA sequence data and the NCA exon sequence data. It is likely that this gene family evolved from a common ancestor shared with neural cell adhesion molecule and alpha 1 B-glycoprotein and is perhaps a family within the immunoglobulin superfamily.
J A Thompson, and
H Pande, and
R J Paxton, and
L Shively, and
A Padma, and
R L Simmer, and
C W Todd, and
A D Riggs, and
J E Shively
January 1995,
Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine,
J A Thompson, and
H Pande, and
R J Paxton, and
L Shively, and
A Padma, and
R L Simmer, and
C W Todd, and
A D Riggs, and
J E Shively
July 1987,
Biochemical and biophysical research communications,
J A Thompson, and
H Pande, and
R J Paxton, and
L Shively, and
A Padma, and
R L Simmer, and
C W Todd, and
A D Riggs, and
J E Shively
June 1989,
Biochemical and biophysical research communications,
J A Thompson, and
H Pande, and
R J Paxton, and
L Shively, and
A Padma, and
R L Simmer, and
C W Todd, and
A D Riggs, and
J E Shively
January 1991,
Journal of clinical laboratory analysis,
J A Thompson, and
H Pande, and
R J Paxton, and
L Shively, and
A Padma, and
R L Simmer, and
C W Todd, and
A D Riggs, and
J E Shively
January 1988,
Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine,
J A Thompson, and
H Pande, and
R J Paxton, and
L Shively, and
A Padma, and
R L Simmer, and
C W Todd, and
A D Riggs, and
J E Shively
July 1990,
Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy,
J A Thompson, and
H Pande, and
R J Paxton, and
L Shively, and
A Padma, and
R L Simmer, and
C W Todd, and
A D Riggs, and
J E Shively
January 1992,
Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society,
J A Thompson, and
H Pande, and
R J Paxton, and
L Shively, and
A Padma, and
R L Simmer, and
C W Todd, and
A D Riggs, and
J E Shively
June 1990,
The Journal of experimental medicine,
J A Thompson, and
H Pande, and
R J Paxton, and
L Shively, and
A Padma, and
R L Simmer, and
C W Todd, and
A D Riggs, and
J E Shively
December 1990,
Biochimica et biophysica acta,
J A Thompson, and
H Pande, and
R J Paxton, and
L Shively, and
A Padma, and
R L Simmer, and
C W Todd, and
A D Riggs, and
J E Shively
October 1990,
Cancer research,
