Studies were carried out of the physical mechanism of biological effect of natural stimulant of the living activity--light negative hydroaeroions. The latter are a hydroxyl separated from water ions and designated here as electrically noncompensated hydroxyl OH-. Unique effect of OH-, i.e. fast restoration and prevention of fine damage of native mitochondria (NM) at storage was revealed on mitochondria preparations by specific procedure, providing preservation of the ability of self-organization--formation of aggregated and denser packing--native mitochondria. This effect of OH- is conditioned by increased formation of native mitochondria aggregates and is concerned with better ADP phosphorylation and Ca2- release. The effect of the air current OH- is produced by water action presaturated with OH-. OH- induces in water cooperative structure formation preserved for many days, which is indicated by an increase of its heat capacity and decrease of surface tension. The principal factor in OH- effect both on mitochondria and water seems to be a decrease of local positive changes. It is of more advantage in NM water suspensions to order (structurate) NM with disordering water, which explains formation of NM stable aggregates. OH- effect supports the main function of the organism struggling with proton excess which destroys biological self-organization. Strengthened structural self-organization under the effect of OH- found in NM seems to be of universal importance for biological macromolecules and membranes and is a primary effect of OH- on the living objects.