Lymphatic Drug Absorption via the Enterocytes: Pharmacokinetic Simulation, Modeling, and Considerations for Optimal Drug Development. 2018

Dion R Brocks, and Neal M Davies
Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2142J Katz. Group-Rexall Centre for Pharmacy and Health Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

Most orally administered drugs gain access to the systemic circulation by direct passage from the enterocyte layer of the intestinal tract to the mesenteric blood capillaries. Intestinal lymphatic absorption is another pathway that certain drugs may follow to gain access to the systemic circulation after oral administration. Once absorbed, drug diffuses into the intestinal enterocyte and while in transit may associate with fats as they are processed into chylomicrons within the cells. The chylomicron-associated drug is then secreted from the enterocyte into the lymphatic circulation, thus avoiding the hepatic first-pass liver metabolism, and ultimately entering to the systemic circulation for disposition and action. Due to the possibility of parallel and potentially alternative absorptive pathways, mesenteric blood capillary and lymphatic drug exposure are both potential pathways of systemic availability for any individual drug. In this report, an in silico modeling approach was adopted to delineate the salient pharmacokinetic features of lymphatic absorption, and provide further guidance for the rationale design of drugs and drug delivery systems for lymphatic drug transport. The importance of hepatic extraction ratio, absorption lag time, lipoprotein binding, and the influence of competing portal and lymphatic pathways for systemic drug availability were explored using simulations. The degree of hepatic extraction was found to be an essential consideration when examining the influence of lymphatic uptake to overall oral drug bioavailability. Lymphatic absorption could potentially contribute to multiple peaking phenomena and flip flop pharmacokinetics of orally administered drugs.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008208 Lymphatic System A system of organs and tissues that process and transport immune cells and LYMPH. Lymphatic Systems
D004364 Pharmaceutical Preparations Drugs intended for human or veterinary use, presented in their finished dosage form. Included here are materials used in the preparation and/or formulation of the finished dosage form. Drug,Drugs,Pharmaceutical,Pharmaceutical Preparation,Pharmaceutical Product,Pharmaceutic Preparations,Pharmaceutical Products,Pharmaceuticals,Preparations, Pharmaceutical,Preparation, Pharmaceutical,Preparations, Pharmaceutic,Product, Pharmaceutical,Products, Pharmaceutical
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000076722 Drug Development The entire process of bringing a new drug to the market. It includes both preclinical and clinical testing, and regulatory approval. Computational Prediction of Drug-Target Interactions,Drug Target Prediction,Medication Development,Pharmaceutical Development,Development, Drug,Development, Medication,Development, Pharmaceutical,Drug Target Predictions,Prediction, Drug Target,Target Prediction, Drug
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D016503 Drug Delivery Systems Systems for the delivery of drugs to target sites of pharmacological actions. Technologies employed include those concerning drug preparation, route of administration, site targeting, metabolism, and toxicity. Drug Targeting,Delivery System, Drug,Delivery Systems, Drug,Drug Delivery System,Drug Targetings,System, Drug Delivery,Systems, Drug Delivery,Targeting, Drug,Targetings, Drug
D020895 Enterocytes Absorptive cells in the lining of the INTESTINAL MUCOSA. They are differentiated EPITHELIAL CELLS with apical MICROVILLI facing the intestinal lumen. Enterocytes are more abundant in the SMALL INTESTINE than in the LARGE INTESTINE. Their microvilli greatly increase the luminal surface area of the cell by 14- to 40 fold. Enterocyte
D065567 Absorption, Physiological Uptake of substances by the body, tissues, or cells. The uptake may occur by various forms of BIOLOGICAL TRANSPORT or by simple DIFFUSION. Absorption, Systemic,Physiological Absorption,Systemic Absorption

Related Publications

Dion R Brocks, and Neal M Davies
October 2014, CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology,
Dion R Brocks, and Neal M Davies
December 2013, Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals,
Dion R Brocks, and Neal M Davies
January 2017, American Society of Clinical Oncology educational book. American Society of Clinical Oncology. Annual Meeting,
Dion R Brocks, and Neal M Davies
January 2000, Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology,
Dion R Brocks, and Neal M Davies
November 2015, Pharmaceutical research,
Dion R Brocks, and Neal M Davies
March 2000, Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society,
Dion R Brocks, and Neal M Davies
October 2020, Expert opinion on drug discovery,
Copied contents to your clipboard!