Mixed hemimicelle magnetic dispersive solid-phase extraction using carbon-coated magnetic nanoparticles for the determination of tramadol in urine samples. 2019

Arezou Taghvimi, and Samin Hamidi, and Yousef Javadzadeh
Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.

Ionic liquid carbon-coated magnetic nanoparticles were successfully applied as an adsorbent in a mixed hemimicelle magnetic dispersive solid-phase extraction method for the determination of tramadol from urine samples coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography with UV-vis detection. The significant parameters affect the extraction efficiency including type and amount of adsorbent, sample volume, pH, ionic strength, type and amount of elution solvent, time of extraction and desorption, time of ionic liquid loading on the adsorbent and stirring rate were studied and optimized. The proposed method provided a fast, straightforward, environmentally friendly and adsorbent recyclable approach for tramadol analysis. The linear range for the tramadol determination was from 100 to 1500 ng/mL. Precisions and accuracies were within 6%. The applicability of the proposed method in clinical trial was tried successfully on determination of tramadol in addicted subjects under tramadol therapy. The mean percent recovery of the patient samples was 94%. The results proved that the proposed method could be applied in clinical and forensic laboratories for determination of tramadol from biological urine samples.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008823 Micelles Particles consisting of aggregates of molecules held loosely together by secondary bonds. The surface of micelles are usually comprised of amphiphatic compounds that are oriented in a way that minimizes the energy of interaction between the micelle and its environment. Liquids that contain large numbers of suspended micelles are referred to as EMULSIONS. Micelle
D009994 Osmolar Concentration The concentration of osmotically active particles in solution expressed in terms of osmoles of solute per liter of solution. Osmolality is expressed in terms of osmoles of solute per kilogram of solvent. Ionic Strength,Osmolality,Osmolarity,Concentration, Osmolar,Concentrations, Osmolar,Ionic Strengths,Osmolalities,Osmolar Concentrations,Osmolarities,Strength, Ionic,Strengths, Ionic
D002244 Carbon A nonmetallic element with atomic symbol C, atomic number 6, and atomic weight [12.0096; 12.0116]. It may occur as several different allotropes including DIAMOND; CHARCOAL; and GRAPHITE; and as SOOT from incompletely burned fuel. Carbon-12,Vitreous Carbon,Carbon 12,Carbon, Vitreous
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D006863 Hydrogen-Ion Concentration The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH pH,Concentration, Hydrogen-Ion,Concentrations, Hydrogen-Ion,Hydrogen Ion Concentration,Hydrogen-Ion Concentrations
D014147 Tramadol A narcotic analgesic proposed for severe pain. It may be habituating. Adolonta,Amadol,Biodalgic,Biokanol,Contramal,Jutadol,K-315,MTW-Tramadol,Nobligan,Prontofort,Ranitidin 1A Pharma,Takadol,Theradol,Tiral,Topalgic,Tradol,Tradol-Puren,Tradonal,Tralgiol,Trama 1A Pharma,Trama AbZ,Trama KD,Trama-Dorsch,Tramabeta,Tramadin,Tramadoc,Tramadol 1A,Tramadol AL,Tramadol Asta Medica,Tramadol Basics,Tramadol Bayvit,Tramadol Bexal,Tramadol Cinfa,Tramadol Edigen,Tramadol Heumann,Tramadol Hydrochloride,Tramadol Kern,Tramadol Lichtenstein,Tramadol Lindo,Tramadol Mabo,Tramadol Normon,Tramadol PB,Tramadol Ratiopharm,Tramadol Stada,Tramadol acis,Tramadol-Dolgit,Tramadol-Hameln,Tramadol-ratiopharm,Tramadolor,Tramadura,Tramagetic,Tramagit,Tramake,Tramal,Tramex,Tramundin,Trasedal,Ultram,Xymel 50,Zamudol,Zumalgic,Zydol,Zytram,K 315,K315,MTW Tramadol,MTWTramadol,Tradol Puren,TradolPuren,Trama Dorsch,TramaDorsch,Tramadol Dolgit,Tramadol Hameln,TramadolDolgit,TramadolHameln,Tramadolratiopharm
D052578 Ionic Liquids Salts that melt below 100 C. Their low VOLATILIZATION can be an advantage over volatile organic solvents. Ionic Liquid,Ionic Solvents,Liquid, Ionic,Liquids, Ionic,Solvents, Ionic
D052616 Solid Phase Extraction An extraction method that separates analytes using a solid phase and a liquid phase. It is used for preparative sample cleanup before analysis by CHROMATOGRAPHY and other analytical methods. Extraction, Solid Phase,Extractions, Solid Phase,Solid Phase Extractions
D058185 Magnetite Nanoparticles Synthesized magnetic particles under 100 nanometers used in many biomedical applications including DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS and CONTRAST AGENTS. The particles are usually coated with a variety of polymeric compounds. Magnetite SPIONs,Magnetite Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles,Superparamagnetic Magnetite Nanoparticles,Magnetite Nanoparticle,Magnetite Nanoparticle, Superparamagnetic,Magnetite Nanoparticles, Superparamagnetic,Magnetite SPION,Nanoparticle, Magnetite,Nanoparticle, Superparamagnetic Magnetite,Nanoparticles, Magnetite,Nanoparticles, Superparamagnetic Magnetite,SPION, Magnetite,SPIONs, Magnetite,Superparamagnetic Magnetite Nanoparticle
D060526 Magnetic Fields Areas of attractive or repulsive force surrounding MAGNETS. Magnetic Field,Field, Magnetic,Fields, Magnetic

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