| D008550 |
Melatonin |
A biogenic amine that is found in animals and plants. In mammals, melatonin is produced by the PINEAL GLAND. Its secretion increases in darkness and decreases during exposure to light. Melatonin is implicated in the regulation of SLEEP, mood, and REPRODUCTION. Melatonin is also an effective antioxidant. |
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| D005347 |
Fibroblasts |
Connective tissue cells which secrete an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules. |
Fibroblast |
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| D006801 |
Humans |
Members of the species Homo sapiens. |
Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man |
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| D000073039 |
Nitrosative Stress |
A metabolic excess of REACTIVE NITROGEN SPECIES, including NITRIC OXIDE and PEROXYNITRITE, that leads to damaging effects of oxidation and nitration. |
Stress, Nitrosative,Nitrosative Stresses,Stresses, Nitrosative |
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| D000818 |
Animals |
Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. |
Animal,Metazoa,Animalia |
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| D000975 |
Antioxidants |
Naturally occurring or synthetic substances that inhibit or retard oxidation reactions. They counteract the damaging effects of oxidation in animal tissues. |
Anti-Oxidant,Antioxidant,Antioxidant Activity,Endogenous Antioxidant,Endogenous Antioxidants,Anti-Oxidant Effect,Anti-Oxidant Effects,Anti-Oxidants,Antioxidant Effect,Antioxidant Effects,Activity, Antioxidant,Anti Oxidant,Anti Oxidant Effect,Anti Oxidant Effects,Anti Oxidants,Antioxidant, Endogenous,Antioxidants, Endogenous |
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| D001343 |
Autophagy |
The segregation and degradation of various cytoplasmic constituents via engulfment by MULTIVESICULAR BODIES; VACUOLES; or AUTOPHAGOSOMES and their digestion by LYSOSOMES. It plays an important role in BIOLOGICAL METAMORPHOSIS and in the removal of bone by OSTEOCLASTS. Defective autophagy is associated with various diseases, including NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES and cancer. |
Autophagocytosis,ER-Phagy,Lipophagy,Nucleophagy,Reticulophagy,Ribophagy,Autophagy, Cellular,Cellular Autophagy,ER Phagy |
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| D017209 |
Apoptosis |
A regulated cell death mechanism characterized by distinctive morphologic changes in the nucleus and cytoplasm, including the endonucleolytic cleavage of genomic DNA, at regularly spaced, internucleosomal sites, i.e., DNA FRAGMENTATION. It is genetically programmed and serves as a balance to mitosis in regulating the size of animal tissues and in mediating pathologic processes associated with tumor growth. |
Apoptosis, Extrinsic Pathway,Apoptosis, Intrinsic Pathway,Caspase-Dependent Apoptosis,Classic Apoptosis,Classical Apoptosis,Programmed Cell Death,Programmed Cell Death, Type I,Apoptoses, Extrinsic Pathway,Apoptoses, Intrinsic Pathway,Apoptosis, Caspase-Dependent,Apoptosis, Classic,Apoptosis, Classical,Caspase Dependent Apoptosis,Cell Death, Programmed,Classic Apoptoses,Extrinsic Pathway Apoptoses,Extrinsic Pathway Apoptosis,Intrinsic Pathway Apoptoses,Intrinsic Pathway Apoptosis |
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| D054990 |
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis |
A common interstitial lung disease of unknown etiology, usually occurring between 50-70 years of age. Clinically, it is characterized by an insidious onset of breathlessness with exertion and a nonproductive cough, leading to progressive DYSPNEA. Pathological features show scant interstitial inflammation, patchy collagen fibrosis, prominent fibroblast proliferation foci, and microscopic honeycomb change. |
Cryptogenic Fibrosing Alveolitis,Familial Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis,Fibrocystic Pulmonary Dysplasia,Fibrosing Alveolitis, Cryptogenic,Idiopathic Fibrosing Alveolitis, Chronic Form,Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis, Familial,Interstitial Pneumonitis, Usual,Pulmonary Fibrosis, Idiopathic,Usual Interstitial Pneumonia,Cryptogenic Fibrosing Alveolitides,Dysplasia, Fibrocystic Pulmonary,Fibrocystic Pulmonary Dysplasias,Fibrosing Alveolitides, Cryptogenic,Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibroses,Interstitial Pneumonia, Usual,Pneumonitides, Usual Interstitial,Pneumonitis, Usual Interstitial,Pulmonary Dysplasia, Fibrocystic,Pulmonary Fibroses, Idiopathic,Usual Interstitial Pneumonias,Usual Interstitial Pneumonitides,Usual Interstitial Pneumonitis |
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| D058628 |
Myofibroblasts |
Spindle-shaped cells with characteristic CONTRACTILE PROTEINS and structures that contribute to the WOUND HEALING process. They occur in GRANULATION TISSUE and also in pathological processes such as FIBROSIS. |
Myofibroblast |
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