Xenicocephalustomhenryi sp. n. (Insecta: Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Enicocephalomorpha: Enicocephalidae) is established for a single macropterous female from Ecuador. The enigmatic genus now includes three species known from only two Neotropical adults and an incomplete female specimen. The new species is described and illustrated, extensive comparative diagnoses for Xenicocephalus species are provided, and nomenclature, distribution, and biology of the genus are reviewed. The architecture of the raptorial forelegs of Xenicocephalus is unique among Enicocephalomorpha, and the genus is classified as subfamily incertae sedis.