The efficacy of 'static' training interventions for improving indices of cardiorespiratory fitness in premenopausal females. 2019

P J J Herrod, and J E M Blackwell, and B F Moss, and A Gates, and P J Atherton, and J N Lund, and J P Williams, and B E Phillips
MRC-ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital Centre, DE22 3DT, Derby, UK.

OBJECTIVE Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. Many risk factors for CVD can be modified pharmacologically; however, uptake of medications is low, especially in asymptomatic people. Exercise is also effective at reducing CVD risk, but adoption is poor with time-commitment and cost cited as key reasons for this. Repeated remote ischaemic preconditioning (RIPC) and isometric handgrip (IHG) training are both inexpensive, time-efficient interventions which have shown some promise in reducing blood pressure (BP) and improving markers of cardiovascular health and fitness. However, few studies have investigated the effectiveness of these interventions in premenopausal women. METHODS Thirty healthy females were recruited to twelve supervised sessions of either RIPC or IHG over 4 weeks, or acted as non-intervention controls (CON). BP measurements, flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and cardiopulmonary exercise tests (CPET) were performed at baseline and after the intervention period. RESULTS IHG and RIPC were both well-tolerated with 100% adherence to all sessions. A statistically significant reduction in both systolic (- 7.2 mmHg) and diastolic (- 6 mmHg) BP was demonstrated following IHG, with no change following RIPC. No statistically significant improvements were observed in FMD or CPET parameters in any group. CONCLUSIONS IHG is an inexpensive and well-tolerated intervention which may improve BP; a key risk factor for CVD. Conversely, our single arm RIPC protocol, despite being similarly well-tolerated, did not elicit improvements in any cardiorespiratory parameters in our chosen population.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D006973 Hypertension Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more. Blood Pressure, High,Blood Pressures, High,High Blood Pressure,High Blood Pressures
D007537 Isometric Contraction Muscular contractions characterized by increase in tension without change in length. Contraction, Isometric,Contractions, Isometric,Isometric Contractions
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D001794 Blood Pressure PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS. Systolic Pressure,Diastolic Pressure,Pulse Pressure,Pressure, Blood,Pressure, Diastolic,Pressure, Pulse,Pressure, Systolic,Pressures, Systolic
D002318 Cardiovascular Diseases Pathological conditions involving the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM including the HEART; the BLOOD VESSELS; or the PERICARDIUM. Adverse Cardiac Event,Cardiac Events,Major Adverse Cardiac Events,Adverse Cardiac Events,Cardiac Event,Cardiac Event, Adverse,Cardiac Events, Adverse,Cardiovascular Disease,Disease, Cardiovascular,Event, Cardiac
D004730 Endothelium, Vascular Single pavement layer of cells which line the luminal surface of the entire vascular system and regulate the transport of macromolecules and blood components. Capillary Endothelium,Vascular Endothelium,Capillary Endotheliums,Endothelium, Capillary,Endotheliums, Capillary,Endotheliums, Vascular,Vascular Endotheliums
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000072599 Cardiorespiratory Fitness A measure of the functional capabilities of the heart, lungs and muscles, relative to the demands of specific exercise routines such as running or cycling. Fitness, Cardiorespiratory
D014664 Vasodilation The physiological widening of BLOOD VESSELS by relaxing the underlying VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE. Vasodilatation,Vasorelaxation,Vascular Endothelium-Dependent Relaxation,Endothelium-Dependent Relaxation, Vascular,Relaxation, Vascular Endothelium-Dependent,Vascular Endothelium Dependent Relaxation

Related Publications

P J J Herrod, and J E M Blackwell, and B F Moss, and A Gates, and P J Atherton, and J N Lund, and J P Williams, and B E Phillips
January 1992, Experimental physiology,
P J J Herrod, and J E M Blackwell, and B F Moss, and A Gates, and P J Atherton, and J N Lund, and J P Williams, and B E Phillips
December 2012, Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports,
P J J Herrod, and J E M Blackwell, and B F Moss, and A Gates, and P J Atherton, and J N Lund, and J P Williams, and B E Phillips
March 2021, European journal of applied physiology,
P J J Herrod, and J E M Blackwell, and B F Moss, and A Gates, and P J Atherton, and J N Lund, and J P Williams, and B E Phillips
January 2003, Preventive cardiology,
P J J Herrod, and J E M Blackwell, and B F Moss, and A Gates, and P J Atherton, and J N Lund, and J P Williams, and B E Phillips
March 2024, Cureus,
P J J Herrod, and J E M Blackwell, and B F Moss, and A Gates, and P J Atherton, and J N Lund, and J P Williams, and B E Phillips
July 2017, Nutrients,
P J J Herrod, and J E M Blackwell, and B F Moss, and A Gates, and P J Atherton, and J N Lund, and J P Williams, and B E Phillips
January 1988, Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.),
P J J Herrod, and J E M Blackwell, and B F Moss, and A Gates, and P J Atherton, and J N Lund, and J P Williams, and B E Phillips
January 2002, Medicine and science in sports and exercise,
P J J Herrod, and J E M Blackwell, and B F Moss, and A Gates, and P J Atherton, and J N Lund, and J P Williams, and B E Phillips
April 2008, The Cochrane database of systematic reviews,
P J J Herrod, and J E M Blackwell, and B F Moss, and A Gates, and P J Atherton, and J N Lund, and J P Williams, and B E Phillips
December 2017, The Cochrane database of systematic reviews,
Copied contents to your clipboard!