Whole exome sequencing for prenatal diagnosis in cases with fetal anomalies: Criteria to improve diagnostic yield. 2019

Stacy M Yadava, and Elena Ashkinadze
Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey.

Whole exome sequencing (WES) for prenatal diagnosis has a reported diagnostic yield of 6.2%-57%. Our aim was to identify patients with a high likelihood of genetic diagnosis using WES in cases with fetal ultrasound anomalies. This is a series of five selected cases for prenatal WES at our institution. Pregnant couples were initially identified due to fetal ultrasound anomalies. Candidates for WES for fetal diagnosis had a normal fetal karyotype and negative microarray with at least one of the following: parental consanguinity, large regions of homozygosity on fetal microarray, or high likelihood of single gene disorder based on ultrasound findings. All trios underwent sequencing of parental and fetal samples. WES was diagnostic in four of the five cases (80%). We identified two recessive conditions and two de novo mutations. Four couples consented to secondary findings and in one case, the father was found to have an MSH2 mutation associated with Lynch syndrome. The use of specific selection criteria for WES increased diagnostic yield to 80%. This is higher than previously reported. Wide application of our criteria can help identify those who may benefit most from this testing in prenatal diagnosis.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D011247 Pregnancy The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH. Gestation,Pregnancies
D011296 Prenatal Diagnosis Determination of the nature of a pathological condition or disease in the postimplantation EMBRYO; FETUS; or pregnant female before birth. Diagnosis, Prenatal,Fetal Diagnosis,Fetal Imaging,Fetal Screening,Intrauterine Diagnosis,Antenatal Diagnosis,Antenatal Screening,Diagnosis, Antenatal,Diagnosis, Intrauterine,Prenatal Screening,Antenatal Diagnoses,Antenatal Screenings,Diagnosis, Fetal,Fetal Diagnoses,Fetal Imagings,Fetal Screenings,Imaging, Fetal,Intrauterine Diagnoses,Prenatal Diagnoses,Prenatal Screenings,Screening, Antenatal,Screening, Fetal,Screening, Prenatal
D005260 Female Females
D005315 Fetal Diseases Pathophysiological conditions of the FETUS in the UTERUS. Some fetal diseases may be treated with FETAL THERAPIES. Embryopathies,Disease, Fetal,Diseases, Fetal,Embryopathy,Fetal Disease
D005820 Genetic Testing Detection of a MUTATION; GENOTYPE; KARYOTYPE; or specific ALLELES associated with genetic traits, heritable diseases, or predisposition to a disease, or that may lead to the disease in descendants. It includes prenatal genetic testing. Genetic Predisposition Testing,Genetic Screening,Predictive Genetic Testing,Predictive Testing, Genetic,Testing, Genetic Predisposition,Genetic Predictive Testing,Genetic Screenings,Genetic Testing, Predictive,Predisposition Testing, Genetic,Screening, Genetic,Screenings, Genetic,Testing, Genetic,Testing, Genetic Predictive,Testing, Predictive Genetic
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000013 Congenital Abnormalities Malformations of organs or body parts during development in utero. Birth Defects,Congenital Defects,Deformities,Fetal Anomalies,Fetal Malformations,Abnormalities, Congenital,Defects, Congenital,Abnormality, Congenital,Anomaly, Fetal,Birth Defect,Congenital Abnormality,Congenital Defect,Defect, Birth,Defect, Congenital,Deformity,Fetal Anomaly,Fetal Malformation,Malformation, Fetal
D000073359 Exome Sequencing Techniques used to determine the sequences of EXONS of an organism or individual. Complete Exome Sequencing,Complete Transcriptome Sequencing,Whole Exome Sequencing,Whole Transcriptome Sequencing,Complete Exome Sequencings,Exome Sequencing, Complete,Exome Sequencing, Whole,Exome Sequencings, Complete,Sequencing, Complete Exome,Sequencing, Complete Transcriptome,Sequencing, Exome,Sequencing, Whole Exome,Sequencing, Whole Transcriptome,Transcriptome Sequencing, Complete,Transcriptome Sequencing, Whole,Transcriptome Sequencings, Complete
D000328 Adult A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available. Adults

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