Biomaterial Database

Pharmacological treatment of vertigo. 1988

I Pyykkö, and M Magnusson, and L Schalén, and H Enbom

Department of Otolaryngology, University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.

A review of the treatment of vestibular disorders with drugs is presented. In animal experiments, administration of certain drugs, e.g. alcohol, barbiturates and chlorpromazine, retards the vestibular compensation, while others, e.g. caffeine, amphetamine and ACTH, accelerate the compensation. In compensated animals, some drugs produce overcompensation and some decompensation. A double-blind, randomized trial of the effect of scopolamine and dimenhydrinate in patients with vertigo of varying origin showed, as compared with placebo, that these drugs did not significantly alleviate the vestibular imbalance. The reason for the poor efficacy of the treatment may have been overcompensation of vestibular function loss and adverse effects caused by the drugs. Care should be taken that the drugs used do not retard the vestibular compensation caused by the central nervous system.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008575	Meniere Disease	A disease of the inner ear (LABYRINTH) that is characterized by fluctuating SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS; TINNITUS; episodic VERTIGO; and aural fullness. It is the most common form of endolymphatic hydrops.	Meniere's Disease,Meniere's Syndrome,Vertigo, Aural,Auditory Vertigo,Aural Vertigo,Ménière Disease,Ménière's Disease,Ménière's Vertigo,Otogenic Vertigo,Auditory Vertigos,Disease, Meniere,Disease, Meniere's,Disease, Ménière,Disease, Ménière's,Diseases, Ménière,Diseases, Ménière's,Meniere Syndrome,Menieres Disease,Menieres Syndrome,Ménière Diseases,Ménière Vertigo,Ménière's Diseases,Ménière's Vertigos,Ménières Disease,Ménières Vertigo,Otogenic Vertigos,Syndrome, Meniere's,Vertigo, Auditory,Vertigo, Ménière's,Vertigo, Otogenic,Vertigos, Auditory,Vertigos, Ménière's,Vertigos, Otogenic
D009041	Motion Sickness	Disorder caused by motion. It includes sea sickness, train sickness, roller coaster rides, rocking chair, hammock swing, car sickness, air sickness, or SPACE MOTION SICKNESS. Symptoms include nausea, vomiting and/or dizziness.	Airsickness,Carsickness,Seasickness,Air Sickness,Car Sickness,Sea Sickness,Sickness, Air,Sickness, Car,Sickness, Motion,Sickness, Sea
D004111	Dimenhydrinate	A drug combination that contains diphenhydramine and theophylline. It is used for treating VERTIGO, MOTION SICKNESS, and NAUSEA associated with PREGNANCY.	Diphenhydramine Theoclate,Apo-Dimenhydrinate,Aviomarin,Biodramina,Calm-X,Cinfamar,Contramareo,DMH,Dimen Heumann,Dimen Lichtenstein,Dimetabs,Dinate,Dramamine,Dramanate,Gravol,Marmine,Motion-Aid,Nausicalm,Reisegold,Reisetabletten Lünopharm,Reisetabletten Stada,Reisetabletten-ratiopharm,Rodovan,RubieMen,Superpep,Travel Well,TripTone,Vertigo-Vomex,Vomacur,Vomex A,Vomisin,Wehamine,Apo Dimenhydrinate,Calm X,Heumann, Dimen,Lichtenstein, Dimen,Lünopharm, Reisetabletten,Motion Aid,Reisetabletten ratiopharm,Stada, Reisetabletten,Theoclate, Diphenhydramine,Vertigo Vomex
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012601	Scopolamine	An alkaloid from SOLANACEAE, especially DATURA and SCOPOLIA. Scopolamine and its quaternary derivatives act as antimuscarinics like ATROPINE, but may have more central nervous system effects. Its many uses include an anesthetic premedication, the treatment of URINARY INCONTINENCE and MOTION SICKNESS, an antispasmodic, and a mydriatic and cycloplegic.	Hyoscine,Scopolamine Hydrobromide,Boro-Scopol,Isopto Hyoscine,Kwells,Scoburen,Scopace,Scopoderm TTS,Scopolamine Cooper,Transderm Scop,Transderm-V,Travacalm HO,Vorigeno,Boro Scopol,Transderm V
D014717	Vertigo	An illusion of movement, either of the external world revolving around the individual or of the individual revolving in space. Vertigo may be associated with disorders of the inner ear (EAR, INNER); VESTIBULAR NERVE; BRAINSTEM; or CEREBRAL CORTEX. Lesions in the TEMPORAL LOBE and PARIETAL LOBE may be associated with FOCAL SEIZURES that may feature vertigo as an ictal manifestation. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp300-1)	CNS Origin Vertigo,Central Nervous System Origin Vertigo,Positional Vertigo,Spinning Sensation,Vertigo, Brain Stem,Vertigo, Brainstem,Vertigo, Central Nervous System Origin,Vertigo, Central Origin,Vertigo, Constant,Vertigo, Essential,Vertigo, Intermittant,Vertigo, Paroxysmal,Vertigo, Peripheral,Vertigo, Subjective,Brain Stem Vertigo,Brain Stem Vertigos,Brainstem Vertigo,Brainstem Vertigos,CNS Origin Vertigos,Central Origin Vertigo,Central Origin Vertigos,Constant Vertigo,Constant Vertigos,Essential Vertigo,Essential Vertigos,Intermittant Vertigo,Intermittant Vertigos,Origin Vertigo, CNS,Origin Vertigo, Central,Origin Vertigos, CNS,Origin Vertigos, Central,Paroxysmal Vertigo,Paroxysmal Vertigos,Peripheral Vertigo,Peripheral Vertigos,Sensation, Spinning,Sensations, Spinning,Spinning Sensations,Subjective Vertigo,Subjective Vertigos,Vertigo, CNS Origin,Vertigo, Positional,Vertigos,Vertigos, Brain Stem,Vertigos, Brainstem,Vertigos, CNS Origin,Vertigos, Central Origin,Vertigos, Constant,Vertigos, Essential,Vertigos, Intermittant,Vertigos, Paroxysmal,Vertigos, Peripheral,Vertigos, Subjective
D014722	Vestibule, Labyrinth	An oval, bony chamber of the inner ear, part of the bony labyrinth. It is continuous with bony COCHLEA anteriorly, and SEMICIRCULAR CANALS posteriorly. The vestibule contains two communicating sacs (utricle and saccule) of the balancing apparatus. The oval window on its lateral wall is occupied by the base of the STAPES of the MIDDLE EAR.	Vestibular Apparatus,Ear Vestibule,Vestibular Labyrinth,Vestibule of Ear,Vestibulum Auris,Apparatus, Vestibular,Ear Vestibules,Labyrinth Vestibule,Labyrinth Vestibules,Labyrinth, Vestibular,Labyrinths, Vestibular,Vestibular Labyrinths,Vestibule, Ear,Vestibules, Ear,Vestibules, Labyrinth