Biomaterial Database

[Propensity Score Methods to Estimate Treatment Effects: An Opportunity for Rehabilitation Service Research]. 2019

David Fauser, and Matthias Bethge

Institut für Sozialmedizin und Epidemiologie, Sektion Rehabilitation und Arbeit, Universität zu Lübeck.

The randomized controlled trial is the gold standard to validate the efficacy of an intervention. Randomized treatment assignment in intervention and control group independent of patient characteristics or previous measures of patient care allows one to estimate unbiased treatment effects. Differences in outcomes can be attributed causally to the treatment. In observational studies treatment assignment is not randomized in intervention and control group. Instead, the assignment is influenced by patient characteristics. This could lead to biased estimates of treatment effects. Statistical approaches based on the propensity score take into account the group differences in observational data. The propensity score is the probability of treatment assignment conditional on observed variables. By means of propensity-score-matching balanced samples of treated and control subjects can be formed. To express treatment effects, the same statistical approaches can be used as those in randomized controlled trials.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D012107	Research Design	A plan for collecting and utilizing data so that desired information can be obtained with sufficient precision or so that an hypothesis can be tested properly.	Experimental Design,Data Adjustment,Data Reporting,Design, Experimental,Designs, Experimental,Error Sources,Experimental Designs,Matched Groups,Methodology, Research,Problem Formulation,Research Methodology,Research Proposal,Research Strategy,Research Technics,Research Techniques,Scoring Methods,Adjustment, Data,Adjustments, Data,Data Adjustments,Design, Research,Designs, Research,Error Source,Formulation, Problem,Formulations, Problem,Group, Matched,Groups, Matched,Matched Group,Method, Scoring,Methods, Scoring,Problem Formulations,Proposal, Research,Proposals, Research,Reporting, Data,Research Designs,Research Proposals,Research Strategies,Research Technic,Research Technique,Scoring Method,Source, Error,Sources, Error,Strategies, Research,Strategy, Research,Technic, Research,Technics, Research,Technique, Research,Techniques, Research
D003627	Data Interpretation, Statistical	Application of statistical procedures to analyze specific observed or assumed facts from a particular study.	Data Analysis, Statistical,Data Interpretations, Statistical,Interpretation, Statistical Data,Statistical Data Analysis,Statistical Data Interpretation,Analyses, Statistical Data,Analysis, Statistical Data,Data Analyses, Statistical,Interpretations, Statistical Data,Statistical Data Analyses,Statistical Data Interpretations
D005858	Germany	A country in central Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea and the North Sea, between the Netherlands and Poland, south of Denmark. The capital is Berlin.
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000066768	Rehabilitation Research	Studies and research concerning the psychological, educational, social, vocational, industrial, and economic aspects of REHABILITATION.	Research, Rehabilitation
D016032	Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic	Works about clinical trials that involve at least one test treatment and one control treatment, concurrent enrollment and follow-up of the test- and control-treated groups, and in which the treatments to be administered are selected by a random process, such as the use of a random-numbers table.	Clinical Trials, Randomized,Controlled Clinical Trials, Randomized,Trials, Randomized Clinical
D016896	Treatment Outcome	Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.	Rehabilitation Outcome,Treatment Effectiveness,Clinical Effectiveness,Clinical Efficacy,Patient-Relevant Outcome,Treatment Efficacy,Effectiveness, Clinical,Effectiveness, Treatment,Efficacy, Clinical,Efficacy, Treatment,Outcome, Patient-Relevant,Outcome, Rehabilitation,Outcome, Treatment,Outcomes, Patient-Relevant,Patient Relevant Outcome,Patient-Relevant Outcomes
D057216	Propensity Score	Conditional probability of exposure to a treatment given observed covariates.	Propensity Scores,Score, Propensity,Scores, Propensity