Biomaterial Database

Behavioral evaluation of perinatal PCB exposure in rhesus monkeys: fixed-interval performance and reinforcement-omission. 1986

P C Mele, and R E Bowman, and E D Levin

Two experiments were conducted to examine the prolonged behavioral effects of perinatal exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs, Aroclor 1248) in rhesus monkeys. Experiment I involved testing a group of three monkeys whose mothers had been fed 2.5 ppm PCBs in their diets both before and throughout gestation and nursing (concurrent exposure condition), and a group of three control monkeys whose mothers had received no added dietary PCBs. These offspring began testing at approximately 60 months of age. In experiment II the same group of female breeders which were fed PCBs in experiment I underwent a second round of breeding after being off the contaminated diet for an average of 20 months (postexposure condition). Additionally, another group of female monkeys underwent breeding while receiving concurrent exposure to 0.5 ppm PCBs in their diet. Control female monkeys received no added dietary PCBs. Four offspring from the 2.5 ppm postexposure condition, four from the 0.5 ppm concurrent exposure condition and five control offspring survived to begin testing here at approximately 40 months of age. All monkeys from experiments I and II were tested under a series of fixed-interval schedules of food reinforcement consisting of FI 30 sec (10 sessions) and FI 60, 300 and 600 sec (15 sessions each). Performance measures included overall response rate, index of curvature (IC) and postreinforcement pause (PRP). There were no consistent differences in FI performance between PCB and respective control groups except for a slightly though significantly lower IC in the PCB groups of experiment II under FI 300 and 600.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007854	Lead	A soft, grayish metal with poisonous salts; atomic number 82, atomic weight 207.2, symbol Pb.
D008253	Macaca mulatta	A species of the genus MACACA inhabiting India, China, and other parts of Asia. The species is used extensively in biomedical research and adapts very well to living with humans.	Chinese Rhesus Macaques,Macaca mulatta lasiota,Monkey, Rhesus,Rhesus Monkey,Rhesus Macaque,Chinese Rhesus Macaque,Macaca mulatta lasiotas,Macaque, Rhesus,Rhesus Macaque, Chinese,Rhesus Macaques,Rhesus Macaques, Chinese,Rhesus Monkeys
D011078	Polychlorinated Biphenyls	Industrial products consisting of a mixture of chlorinated biphenyl congeners and isomers. These compounds are highly lipophilic and tend to accumulate in fat stores of animals. Many of these compounds are considered toxic and potential environmental pollutants.	PCBs,Polychlorinated Biphenyl,Polychlorobiphenyl Compounds,Biphenyl, Polychlorinated,Biphenyls, Polychlorinated,Compounds, Polychlorobiphenyl
D011247	Pregnancy	The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.	Gestation,Pregnancies
D011297	Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects	The consequences of exposing the FETUS in utero to certain factors, such as NUTRITION PHYSIOLOGICAL PHENOMENA; PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS; DRUGS; RADIATION; and other physical or chemical factors. These consequences are observed later in the offspring after BIRTH.	Delayed Effects, Prenatal Exposure,Late Effects, Prenatal Exposure
D011596	Psychomotor Disorders	Abnormalities of motor function that are associated with organic and non-organic cognitive disorders.	Psychomotor Impairment,Developmental Psychomotor Disorders,Psychomotor Disorders, Developmental,Developmental Psychomotor Disorder,Impairment, Psychomotor,Impairments, Psychomotor,Psychomotor Disorder, Developmental,Psychomotor Impairments
D012055	Reinforcement Schedule	A schedule prescribing when the subject is to be reinforced or rewarded in terms of temporal interval in psychological experiments. The schedule may be continuous or intermittent.	Reinforcement Schedules,Schedule, Reinforcement,Schedules, Reinforcement
D002493	Central Nervous System Diseases	Diseases of any component of the brain (including the cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, brain stem, and cerebellum) or the spinal cord.	CNS Disease,Central Nervous System Disease,Central Nervous System Disorder,CNS Diseases,Central Nervous System Disorders
D003216	Conditioning, Operant	Learning situations in which the sequence responses of the subject are instrumental in producing reinforcement. When the correct response occurs, which involves the selection from among a repertoire of responses, the subject is immediately reinforced.	Instrumental Learning,Learning, Instrumental,Operant Conditioning,Conditionings, Operant,Instrumental Learnings,Learnings, Instrumental,Operant Conditionings
D005260	Female		Females