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The possibility of an inverse relation between essential fatty acids in adipose tissue, in particular linoleic acid, and mortality from coronary heart disease was studied by a cross sectional survey of random population samples of apparently healthy men aged 40-49 from four European regions with differing mortality from coronary heart disease. The proportion of linoleic acid in adipose tissue was lowest in men from north Karelia, Finland, where mortality from coronary heart disease is highest, and highest in men from Italy, where mortality is lowest, with intermediate proportions in men from Scotland and south west Finland. Similar gradients were observed for the desaturation and elongation products dihomo-gamma-linolenic and arachidonic acid. The proportion of saturated fatty acids in adipose tissue was highest in Finland, intermediate in Scotland, and lowest in Italy. Italian men also had the highest proportion of oleate in their adipose tissue and the lowest proportion of myristoleate and palmitoleate. Finnish men were more obese and had a higher blood pressure. Serum cholesterol concentration was higher in north Karelia and south west Finland than in Scotland or Italy. High density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentrations reflected the regional differences in serum cholesterol, being higher in Finland and lower in Italy. The ratios of HDL cholesterol to total cholesterol, however, did not differ. The regional differences in linoleic acid in adipose tissue remained highly significant when the observed differences in other known risk factors for coronary heart disease among the four areas were taken into account by multivariate analysis. The gradients in proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids probably reflect differences in dietary intake of linoleic acid.
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D A Wood, and
S Butler, and
R A Elton, and
M Oliver, and
M Salo, and
T Nikkari, and
E Vartiainen, and
P Puska, and
F Gey
November 1987,
Nutrition reviews,
R A Riemersma, and
D A Wood, and
S Butler, and
R A Elton, and
M Oliver, and
M Salo, and
T Nikkari, and
E Vartiainen, and
P Puska, and
F Gey
January 2008,
Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids,
R A Riemersma, and
D A Wood, and
S Butler, and
R A Elton, and
M Oliver, and
M Salo, and
T Nikkari, and
E Vartiainen, and
P Puska, and
F Gey
December 1990,
Biochemical Society transactions,
R A Riemersma, and
D A Wood, and
S Butler, and
R A Elton, and
M Oliver, and
M Salo, and
T Nikkari, and
E Vartiainen, and
P Puska, and
F Gey
November 2003,
The British journal of nutrition,
R A Riemersma, and
D A Wood, and
S Butler, and
R A Elton, and
M Oliver, and
M Salo, and
T Nikkari, and
E Vartiainen, and
P Puska, and
F Gey
January 1980,
Progress in food & nutrition science,
R A Riemersma, and
D A Wood, and
S Butler, and
R A Elton, and
M Oliver, and
M Salo, and
T Nikkari, and
E Vartiainen, and
P Puska, and
F Gey
July 1979,
Research in experimental medicine. Zeitschrift fur die gesamte experimentelle Medizin einschliesslich experimenteller Chirurgie,
R A Riemersma, and
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M Oliver, and
M Salo, and
T Nikkari, and
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P Puska, and
F Gey
January 1971,
Journal de physiologie,
R A Riemersma, and
D A Wood, and
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F Gey
January 1977,
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R A Riemersma, and
D A Wood, and
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R A Elton, and
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T Nikkari, and
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F Gey
January 1992,
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F Gey
April 2000,
Chemistry and physics of lipids,
