Biomaterial Database

Isolations of Cache Valley virus in Texas, 1981. 1987

S McConnell, and C Livingston, and C H Calisher, and R A Crandell

Two strains of the same virus (isolates AR 168 and 7856), were isolated in 1981 from an apparently healthy cow and a sick sheep in TX, U.S.A. These isolates were shown to be members of the Bunyamwera serogroup (family Bunyaviridae, genus Bunyavirus) by complement-fixation tests. Serum dilution-plaque reduction neutralization test results indicated that the isolates are closely related to Cache Valley virus. The virus isolates were characterized by sensitivity to lipid solvent, size (50-100 nm by filtration and 70 nm by electron microscopy), heat (56 degrees C) and pH 3 lability, cytopathic effects or plaques in cultures of Vero, LLC-MK2, embryonic bovine testicle and PS cells, and pathogenicity for suckling and weaned mice by the intracranial but not the intraperitoneal route. Gnotobiotic and conventional sheep and goats were experimentally infected by inoculation with one of the isolates given either intravenously or intraperitoneally. Elevation of body temperature, depression, tremors, muscle spasms, disorientation, feeding anomalies, convulsions, or other signs of central nervous system disturbances were observed.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D008854	Microscopy, Electron	Microscopy using an electron beam, instead of light, to visualize the sample, thereby allowing much greater magnification. The interactions of ELECTRONS with specimens are used to provide information about the fine structure of that specimen. In TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY the reactions of the electrons that are transmitted through the specimen are imaged. In SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY an electron beam falls at a non-normal angle on the specimen and the image is derived from the reactions occurring above the plane of the specimen.	Electron Microscopy
D009500	Neutralization Tests	The measurement of infection-blocking titer of ANTISERA by testing a series of dilutions for a given virus-antiserum interaction end-point, which is generally the dilution at which tissue cultures inoculated with the serum-virus mixtures demonstrate cytopathology (CPE) or the dilution at which 50% of test animals injected with serum-virus mixtures show infectivity (ID50) or die (LD50).	Neutralization Test,Test, Neutralization,Tests, Neutralization
D002042	Bunyamwera virus	A species in the ORTHOBUNYAVIRUS genus of the family BUNYAVIRIDAE. A large number of serotypes or strains exist in many parts of the world. They are transmitted by mosquitoes and infect humans in some areas.	Batai virus,Cache Valley virus,Calovo virus,Chittoor virus,Bunyamwera Group Viruses
D002043	Bunyaviridae	A family of viruses, mainly arboviruses, consisting of a single strand of RNA. Virions are enveloped particles 90-120 nm diameter. The complete family contains over 300 members arranged in five genera: ORTHOBUNYAVIRUS; HANTAVIRUS; NAIROVIRUS; PHLEBOVIRUS; and TOSPOVIRUS.
D002044	Bunyaviridae Infections	Virus diseases caused by the BUNYAVIRIDAE.	Bunyavirus Infections,Infections, Bunyaviridae,Infections, Bunyavirus,Oropouche Fever,Oropouche Infection,Oropouche Orthobunyavirus Infection,Oropouche Virus Infection,Orthobunyavirus Infections,Bunyaviridae Infection,Bunyavirus Infection,Oropouche Fevers,Orthobunyavirus Infection,Orthobunyavirus Infection, Oropouche,Virus Infection, Oropouche
D002417	Cattle	Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.	Beef Cow,Bos grunniens,Bos indicus,Bos indicus Cattle,Bos taurus,Cow,Cow, Domestic,Dairy Cow,Holstein Cow,Indicine Cattle,Taurine Cattle,Taurus Cattle,Yak,Zebu,Beef Cows,Bos indicus Cattles,Cattle, Bos indicus,Cattle, Indicine,Cattle, Taurine,Cattle, Taurus,Cattles, Bos indicus,Cattles, Indicine,Cattles, Taurine,Cattles, Taurus,Cow, Beef,Cow, Dairy,Cow, Holstein,Cows,Dairy Cows,Domestic Cow,Domestic Cows,Indicine Cattles,Taurine Cattles,Taurus Cattles,Yaks,Zebus
D002418	Cattle Diseases	Diseases of domestic cattle of the genus Bos. It includes diseases of cows, yaks, and zebus.	Bovine Diseases,Bovine Disease,Cattle Disease,Disease, Bovine,Disease, Cattle,Diseases, Bovine,Diseases, Cattle
D003168	Complement Fixation Tests	Serologic tests based on inactivation of complement by the antigen-antibody complex (stage 1). Binding of free complement can be visualized by addition of a second antigen-antibody system such as red cells and appropriate red cell antibody (hemolysin) requiring complement for its completion (stage 2). Failure of the red cells to lyse indicates that a specific antigen-antibody reaction has taken place in stage 1. If red cells lyse, free complement is present indicating no antigen-antibody reaction occurred in stage 1.	Complement Absorption Test, Conglutinating,Conglutination Reaction,Conglutinating Complement Absorption Test,Complement Fixation Test,Conglutination Reactions,Fixation Test, Complement,Fixation Tests, Complement,Reaction, Conglutination,Reactions, Conglutination,Test, Complement Fixation,Tests, Complement Fixation
D003588	Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral	Visible morphologic changes in cells infected with viruses. It includes shutdown of cellular RNA and protein synthesis, cell fusion, release of lysosomal enzymes, changes in cell membrane permeability, diffuse changes in intracellular structures, presence of viral inclusion bodies, and chromosomal aberrations. It excludes malignant transformation, which is CELL TRANSFORMATION, VIRAL. Viral cytopathogenic effects provide a valuable method for identifying and classifying the infecting viruses.	Cytopathic Effect, Viral,Viral Cytopathogenic Effect,Cytopathic Effects, Viral,Cytopathogenic Effects, Viral,Effect, Viral Cytopathic,Effect, Viral Cytopathogenic,Effects, Viral Cytopathic,Effects, Viral Cytopathogenic,Viral Cytopathic Effect,Viral Cytopathic Effects,Viral Cytopathogenic Effects