Biomaterial Database

Reference values for gas exchange during exercise in healthy nonsmoking and smoking men. 1987

P Malmberg, and H Hedenström, and H V Fridriksson

The gas exchange at rest and during exercise was measured in 50 healthy men, 25 lifelong nonsmokers and 25 smokers, between 20 and 65 years of age. Arterial blood samples were taken and expired air was collected at rest, supine and sitting, and during graded exercise. Prediction formulas for various gas exchange variables were obtained by multiple regression. Optimal conditions for gas transfer were present at light exercise. The arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) remained approximately constant during exercise, although in individual smokers and nonsmokers it decreased by up to 1.8 kPa (13.5 mmHg) between a workload of 50 W and the maximal workload. The lower limit for PaO2 at maximal exercise was about 10.7 kPa (80 mmHg). The alveolo-arterial difference in oxygen tension (PA-aO2) increased considerably with increased workload, from 1.09 +/- 1.05 kPa at 50 W to 3.1 +/- 0.9 kPa at maximal exercise. Ageing and tobacco smoking were associated with a decrease in PaO2 and an increase in PA-aO2 at rest in the supine position, but at maximal exercise neither PaO2 nor PA-aO2 was significantly influenced by age or tobacco smoking. In contrast, the dead space and total ventilation were increased during exercise by ageing and tobacco smoking.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D008875	Middle Aged	An adult aged 45 - 64 years.	Middle Age
D010100	Oxygen	An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.	Dioxygen,Oxygen-16,Oxygen 16
D011659	Pulmonary Gas Exchange	The exchange of OXYGEN and CARBON DIOXIDE between alveolar air and pulmonary capillary blood that occurs across the BLOOD-AIR BARRIER.	Exchange, Pulmonary Gas,Gas Exchange, Pulmonary
D012016	Reference Values	The range or frequency distribution of a measurement in a population (of organisms, organs or things) that has not been selected for the presence of disease or abnormality.	Normal Range,Normal Values,Reference Ranges,Normal Ranges,Normal Value,Range, Normal,Range, Reference,Ranges, Normal,Ranges, Reference,Reference Range,Reference Value,Value, Normal,Value, Reference,Values, Normal,Values, Reference
D012126	Respiratory Dead Space	That part of the RESPIRATORY TRACT or the air within the respiratory tract that does not exchange OXYGEN and CARBON DIOXIDE with pulmonary capillary blood.	Dead Space, Respiratory,Dead Spaces, Respiratory,Respiratory Dead Spaces,Space, Respiratory Dead,Spaces, Respiratory Dead
D002245	Carbon Dioxide	A colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals.	Carbonic Anhydride,Anhydride, Carbonic,Dioxide, Carbon
D005082	Physical Exertion	Expenditure of energy during PHYSICAL ACTIVITY. Intensity of exertion may be measured by rate of OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; HEAT produced, or HEART RATE. Perceived exertion, a psychological measure of exertion, is included.	Physical Effort,Effort, Physical,Efforts, Physical,Exertion, Physical,Exertions, Physical,Physical Efforts,Physical Exertions
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D006863	Hydrogen-Ion Concentration	The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH	pH,Concentration, Hydrogen-Ion,Concentrations, Hydrogen-Ion,Hydrogen Ion Concentration,Hydrogen-Ion Concentrations