Megaprimer Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)-Based Mutagenesis. 2019

Matteo Forloni, and Alex Y Liu, and Narendra Wajapeyee

The megaprimer method is a simple and versatile approach that can be adopted to create a single mutation in a specific target region as well as to create site-specific insertions, deletions, and gene fusions. This method uses three oligonucleotide primers, two rounds of polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and a DNA template containing the gene to be mutated. The first round of PCR generates a fragment with the desired mutation introduced by using one of the flanking primers and the mutant primer. This amplified fragment-the megaprimer-is used in the second PCR along with the remaining external primer to amplify a longer region of the template DNA. The final product is purified and can be cloned into an appropriate vector. By designing flanking primers with universal restriction site sequences, compatible with the vector of choice, it is possible to create different mutant clones by changing only the mutant primer. Recently, this approach has been improved by the use of forward and reverse flanking primers with significantly different melting temperatures. This allows researchers to perform both PCR steps in a single tube. This protocol has been successfully applied on templates with either low or high G + C content to amplify megaprimers 71-800 bp in length and final products ranging from 400 to 2500 bp.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D009154 Mutation Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations. Mutations
D016133 Polymerase Chain Reaction In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships. Anchored PCR,Inverse PCR,Nested PCR,PCR,Anchored Polymerase Chain Reaction,Inverse Polymerase Chain Reaction,Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction,PCR, Anchored,PCR, Inverse,PCR, Nested,Polymerase Chain Reactions,Reaction, Polymerase Chain,Reactions, Polymerase Chain
D016296 Mutagenesis Process of generating a genetic MUTATION. It may occur spontaneously or be induced by MUTAGENS. Mutageneses
D050939 Gene Fusion The GENETIC RECOMBINATION of the parts of two or more GENES resulting in a gene with different or additional regulatory regions, or a new chimeric gene product. ONCOGENE FUSION includes an ONCOGENE as at least one of the fusion partners and such gene fusions are often detected in neoplastic cells and are transcribed into ONCOGENE FUSION PROTEINS. ARTIFICIAL GENE FUSION is carried out in vitro by RECOMBINANT DNA technology. Fusion, Gene,Fusions, Gene,Gene Fusions
D017931 DNA Primers Short sequences (generally about 10 base pairs) of DNA that are complementary to sequences of messenger RNA and allow reverse transcriptases to start copying the adjacent sequences of mRNA. Primers are used extensively in genetic and molecular biology techniques. DNA Primer,Oligodeoxyribonucleotide Primer,Oligodeoxyribonucleotide Primers,Oligonucleotide Primer,Oligonucleotide Primers,Primer, DNA,Primer, Oligodeoxyribonucleotide,Primer, Oligonucleotide,Primers, DNA,Primers, Oligodeoxyribonucleotide,Primers, Oligonucleotide

Related Publications

Matteo Forloni, and Alex Y Liu, and Narendra Wajapeyee
October 2005, Analytical biochemistry,
Matteo Forloni, and Alex Y Liu, and Narendra Wajapeyee
January 1993, Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.),
Matteo Forloni, and Alex Y Liu, and Narendra Wajapeyee
February 2004, BMC biotechnology,
Matteo Forloni, and Alex Y Liu, and Narendra Wajapeyee
January 1992, Biotechnology advances,
Matteo Forloni, and Alex Y Liu, and Narendra Wajapeyee
January 2002, Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.),
Matteo Forloni, and Alex Y Liu, and Narendra Wajapeyee
January 1993, Methods in enzymology,
Matteo Forloni, and Alex Y Liu, and Narendra Wajapeyee
November 1995, Nucleic acids research,
Matteo Forloni, and Alex Y Liu, and Narendra Wajapeyee
March 1997, BioTechniques,
Matteo Forloni, and Alex Y Liu, and Narendra Wajapeyee
July 1989, Nucleic acids research,
Matteo Forloni, and Alex Y Liu, and Narendra Wajapeyee
February 2002, Zhonghua yi xue yi chuan xue za zhi = Zhonghua yixue yichuanxue zazhi = Chinese journal of medical genetics,
Copied contents to your clipboard!