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Neural Crest Cells Differentiate Into Brown Adipocytes and Contribute to Periaortic Arch Adipose Tissue Formation. 2019

Mengxia Fu, and Lian Xu, and Xiaohui Chen, and Weiqing Han, and Chengchao Ruan, and Jun Li, and Chenleng Cai, and Maoqing Ye, and Pingjin Gao
From the State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Department of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital and Shanghai Institute of Hypertension (M.F., L.X., X.C., W.H., C.R., M.Y., P.G.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China.

Periaortic arch adipose tissue (PAAT) plays critical roles in regulating vascular homeostasis; however, its anatomic features, developmental processes, and origins remain unclear. Approach and Results: Anatomic analysis and genetic lineage tracing of Wnt1 (wingless-type MMTV [mouse mammary tumor virus] integration site family member 1)-Cre+;Rosa26RFP/+ mice, Myf5 (myogenic factor 5)-Cre+;Rosa26RFP/+ mice, and SM22α-Cre+;Rosa26RFP/+ mice are performed, and the results show that PAAT has unique anatomic features, and the developmental processes of PAAT are independent of the others periaortic adipose tissues. PAAT adipocytes are mainly derived from neural crest cells (NCCs) rather than from Myf5+ progenitors. Most PAAT adipocyte progenitors expressed SM22α+ (smooth muscle protein 22-alpha) during development. Using Wnt1-Cre+;PPARγflox/flox mice, we found that knockout of PPAR (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor)-γ in NCCs results in PAAT developmental delay and dysplasia, further confirming that NCCs contribute to PAAT formation. And we further indicated PAAT dysplasia aggravates Ang II (angiotensin II)-induced inflammation and remodeling of the common carotid artery close to aorta arch. We also found that NCCs can be differentiated into both brown and white adipocytes in vivo and in vitro. RNA sequencing results suggested NCC-derived adipose tissue displays a distinct transcriptional profile compared with the non-NCC-derived adipose tissue in PAAT. PAAT has distinctive anatomic features and developmental processes. Most PAAT adipocytes are originated from NCCs which derive from ectoderm. NCCs are progenitors not only of white adipocytes but also of brown adipocytes. This study indicates that the PAAT is derived from multiple cell lineages, the adipocytes derived from different origins have distinct transcriptional profiles, and PAAT plays a critical role in Ang II-induced common carotid artery inflammation and remodeling.Visual OvervieW: An online visual overview is available for this article.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D008810 Mice, Inbred C57BL One of the first INBRED MOUSE STRAINS to be sequenced. This strain is commonly used as genetic background for transgenic mouse models. Refractory to many tumors, this strain is also preferred model for studying role of genetic variations in development of diseases. Mice, C57BL,Mouse, C57BL,Mouse, Inbred C57BL,C57BL Mice,C57BL Mice, Inbred,C57BL Mouse,C57BL Mouse, Inbred,Inbred C57BL Mice,Inbred C57BL Mouse
D009432 Neural Crest The two longitudinal ridges along the PRIMITIVE STREAK appearing near the end of GASTRULATION during development of nervous system (NEURULATION). The ridges are formed by folding of NEURAL PLATE. Between the ridges is a neural groove which deepens as the fold become elevated. When the folds meet at midline, the groove becomes a closed tube, the NEURAL TUBE. Neural Crest Cells,Neural Fold,Neural Groove,Cell, Neural Crest,Cells, Neural Crest,Crest, Neural,Crests, Neural,Fold, Neural,Folds, Neural,Groove, Neural,Grooves, Neural,Neural Crest Cell,Neural Crests,Neural Folds,Neural Grooves
D002454 Cell Differentiation Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs. Differentiation, Cell,Cell Differentiations,Differentiations, Cell
D002478 Cells, Cultured Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others. Cultured Cells,Cell, Cultured,Cultured Cell
D000273 Adipose Tissue Specialized connective tissue composed of fat cells (ADIPOCYTES). It is the site of stored FATS, usually in the form of TRIGLYCERIDES. In mammals, there are two types of adipose tissue, the WHITE FAT and the BROWN FAT. Their relative distributions vary in different species with most adipose tissue being white. Fatty Tissue,Body Fat,Fat Pad,Fat Pads,Pad, Fat,Pads, Fat,Tissue, Adipose,Tissue, Fatty
D000804 Angiotensin II An octapeptide that is a potent but labile vasoconstrictor. It is produced from angiotensin I after the removal of two amino acids at the C-terminal by ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME. The amino acid in position 5 varies in different species. To block VASOCONSTRICTION and HYPERTENSION effect of angiotensin II, patients are often treated with ACE INHIBITORS or with ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKERS. Angiotensin II, Ile(5)-,Angiotensin II, Val(5)-,5-L-Isoleucine Angiotensin II,ANG-(1-8)Octapeptide,Angiotensin II, Isoleucine(5)-,Angiotensin II, Valine(5)-,Angiotensin-(1-8) Octapeptide,Isoleucine(5)-Angiotensin,Isoleucyl(5)-Angiotensin II,Valyl(5)-Angiotensin II,5 L Isoleucine Angiotensin II,Angiotensin II, 5-L-Isoleucine
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001013 Aorta, Thoracic The portion of the descending aorta proceeding from the arch of the aorta and extending to the DIAPHRAGM, eventually connecting to the ABDOMINAL AORTA. Aorta, Ascending,Aorta, Descending,Aortic Arch,Aortic Root,Arch of the Aorta,Descending Aorta,Sinotubular Junction,Ascending Aorta,Thoracic Aorta,Aortic Roots,Arch, Aortic,Ascending Aortas,Junction, Sinotubular,Root, Aortic,Sinotubular Junctions
D017536 Carotid Artery, Common The two principal arteries supplying the structures of the head and neck. They ascend in the neck, one on each side, and at the level of the upper border of the thyroid cartilage, each divides into two branches, the external (CAROTID ARTERY, EXTERNAL) and internal (CAROTID ARTERY, INTERNAL) carotid arteries. Common Carotid Artery,Arteries, Common Carotid,Artery, Common Carotid,Carotid Arteries, Common,Common Carotid Arteries

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