Biomaterial Database

Efficient Establishment of Interfamily Heterograft of Nicotiana benthamiana and Arabidopsis thaliana. 2019

Koji Okayasu, and Michitaka Notaguchi

Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.

The grafting technique has been applied to study systemic signaling in plants, especially to investigate whether gene action is graft transmissible and/or gene products such as RNAs and proteins are transported systemically. Here we describe an interfamily heterograft system between Nicotiana benthamiana scion plants and Arabidopsis stock plants for the identification of systemic phloem-mobile signals. Since these plants belong to evolutionary distant families and genome databases are available for both, we can reliably identify mobile substances transported from one to the other plant.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D010641	Phenotype	The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.	Phenotypes
D006085	Graft Survival	The survival of a graft in a host, the factors responsible for the survival and the changes occurring within the graft during growth in the host.	Graft Survivals,Survival, Graft,Survivals, Graft
D001692	Biological Transport	The movement of materials (including biochemical substances and drugs) through a biological system at the cellular level. The transport can be across cell membranes and epithelial layers. It also can occur within intracellular compartments and extracellular compartments.	Transport, Biological,Biologic Transport,Transport, Biologic
D014026	Nicotiana	A plant genus of the family SOLANACEAE. Members contain NICOTINE and other biologically active chemicals; the dried leaves of Nicotiana tabacum are used for SMOKING.	Tobacco Plant,Nicotiana tabacum,Plant, Tobacco,Plants, Tobacco,Tobacco Plants
D015398	Signal Transduction	The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.	Cell Signaling,Receptor-Mediated Signal Transduction,Signal Pathways,Receptor Mediated Signal Transduction,Signal Transduction Pathways,Signal Transduction Systems,Pathway, Signal,Pathway, Signal Transduction,Pathways, Signal,Pathways, Signal Transduction,Receptor-Mediated Signal Transductions,Signal Pathway,Signal Transduction Pathway,Signal Transduction System,Signal Transduction, Receptor-Mediated,Signal Transductions,Signal Transductions, Receptor-Mediated,System, Signal Transduction,Systems, Signal Transduction,Transduction, Signal,Transductions, Signal
D017360	Arabidopsis	A plant genus of the family BRASSICACEAE that contains ARABIDOPSIS PROTEINS and MADS DOMAIN PROTEINS. The species A. thaliana is used for experiments in classical plant genetics as well as molecular genetic studies in plant physiology, biochemistry, and development.	Arabidopsis thaliana,Cress, Mouse-ear,A. thaliana,A. thalianas,Arabidopses,Arabidopsis thalianas,Cress, Mouse ear,Cresses, Mouse-ear,Mouse-ear Cress,Mouse-ear Cresses,thaliana, A.,thaliana, Arabidopsis,thalianas, A.
D052585	Phloem	Plant tissue that carries nutrients, especially sucrose, by turgor pressure. Movement is bidirectional, in contrast to XYLEM where it is only upward. Phloem originates and grows outwards from meristematic cells (MERISTEM) in the vascular cambium. P-proteins, a type of LECTINS, are characteristically found in phloem.	Phloems
D064593	Heterografts	Tissues, cells or organs transplanted between animals of different species.	Xenografts,Heterograft,Xenograft