Biomaterial Database

Comparison of propofol and antagonised midazolam anaesthesia for day-case surgery. 1987

P Forrest, and D C Galletly

Department of Anaesthesia, Wellington Clinical School, New Zealand.

A technique of midazolam/fentanyl/isoflurane/nitrous oxide anaesthesia, in which the benzodiazepine was antagonised by the specific antagonist, flumazenil, was compared with propofol/fentanyl/nitrous oxide anaesthesia for minor outpatient urological surgery. No significant difference was found in the overall ease of anaesthesia; however, using subjective (linear analogue sedation scales) and objective (letter deletion and simple reflex time) tests, recovery was found to be significantly slower for the antagonised midazolam group. For both groups, the most frequent intraoperative problem was patient movement in response to surgical stimulation and, postoperatively, headache. The midazolam group displayed the greatest degree of residual sedation at the 4-hour time of discharge and on arrival home a significantly larger number of patients in the midazolam group slept for a period. It is likely that the dose of flumazenil chosen (1 mg) was inadequate to completely antagonise the dose of midazolam (mean 17 mg) for the full duration of recovery.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007530	Isoflurane	A stable, non-explosive inhalation anesthetic, relatively free from significant side effects.
D008297	Male		Males
D008874	Midazolam	A short-acting hypnotic-sedative drug with anxiolytic and amnestic properties. It is used in dentistry, cardiac surgery, endoscopic procedures, as preanesthetic medication, and as an adjunct to local anesthesia. The short duration and cardiorespiratory stability makes it useful in poor-risk, elderly, and cardiac patients. It is water-soluble at pH less than 4 and lipid-soluble at physiological pH.	Dormicum,Midazolam Hydrochloride,Midazolam Maleate,Ro 21-3981,Versed,Hydrochloride, Midazolam,Maleate, Midazolam,Ro 21 3981,Ro 213981
D008875	Middle Aged	An adult aged 45 - 64 years.	Middle Age
D009609	Nitrous Oxide	Nitrogen oxide (N2O). A colorless, odorless gas that is used as an anesthetic and analgesic. High concentrations cause a narcotic effect and may replace oxygen, causing death by asphyxia. It is also used as a food aerosol in the preparation of whipping cream.	Laughing Gas,Nitrogen Protoxide,Gas, Laughing,Oxide, Nitrous
D010636	Phenols	Benzene derivatives that include one or more hydroxyl groups attached to the ring structure.
D011597	Psychomotor Performance	The coordination of a sensory or ideational (cognitive) process and a motor activity.	Perceptual Motor Performance,Sensory Motor Performance,Visual Motor Coordination,Coordination, Visual Motor,Coordinations, Visual Motor,Motor Coordination, Visual,Motor Coordinations, Visual,Motor Performance, Perceptual,Motor Performance, Sensory,Motor Performances, Perceptual,Motor Performances, Sensory,Perceptual Motor Performances,Performance, Perceptual Motor,Performance, Psychomotor,Performance, Sensory Motor,Performances, Perceptual Motor,Performances, Psychomotor,Performances, Sensory Motor,Psychomotor Performances,Sensory Motor Performances,Visual Motor Coordinations
D011897	Random Allocation	A process involving chance used in therapeutic trials or other research endeavor for allocating experimental subjects, human or animal, between treatment and control groups, or among treatment groups. It may also apply to experiments on inanimate objects.	Randomization,Allocation, Random
D002986	Clinical Trials as Topic	Works about pre-planned studies of the safety, efficacy, or optimum dosage schedule (if appropriate) of one or more diagnostic, therapeutic, or prophylactic drugs, devices, or techniques selected according to predetermined criteria of eligibility and observed for predefined evidence of favorable and unfavorable effects. This concept includes clinical trials conducted both in the U.S. and in other countries.	Clinical Trial as Topic
D003558	Cystoscopy	Endoscopic examination, therapy or surgery of the urinary bladder.	Cystoscopic Surgical Procedures,Surgical Procedures, Cystoscopic,Cystoscopic Surgery,Surgery, Cystoscopic,Cystoscopic Surgeries,Cystoscopic Surgical Procedure,Cystoscopies,Procedure, Cystoscopic Surgical,Procedures, Cystoscopic Surgical,Surgeries, Cystoscopic,Surgical Procedure, Cystoscopic