OBJECTIVE We analyzed the mortality and morbidity of congenital heart surgery in Japan by using Japan Cardiovascular Surgery Database (JCVSD). METHODS The data on congenital heart surgery performed between January 2015 and December 2016 were obtained from JCVSD. From the data obtained, the most frequent 20 procedures were selected, and the mortalities and major morbidities were analyzed. In addition, the institutions were classified into three groups according to the number of cardiopulmonary cases for a year, and the distribution of the major operations was calculated. RESULTS The mortality of ASD repair and VSD repair was under 1% and the mortality of TOF repair, complete AVSD repair, Rastelli operation, CoA complex repair, bidirectional Glenn and TCPC was 2-3%. The mortality of Norwood procedure and TAPVC repair were over 10%. These difficult operations were mainly performed at relatively high-volume institutions. CONCLUSIONS Using the data from JCVSD, the national data of congenital heart surgery, including postoperative complications, were analyzed. Neonatal surgery still has considerable complication rates and further improvement is desired. In addition, it was shown that complicated operations tended to be performed at large volume institutions.