Biomaterial Database

Quantitation of serotype-specific and cross-reacting group-specific antigens by coagglutination and immunodiffusion tests for differentiating Actinobacillus (Haemophilus) pleuropneumoniae strains belonging to cross-reacting serotypes 3, 6, and 8. 1988

K R Mittal, and R Higgins, and S Lariviere

Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

There are strong cross-reactions among strains of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae belonging to serotypes 3, 6, and 8. Various serological tests were used to differentiate these serotypes from each other. Tube agglutination, coagglutination, and indirect hemagglutination tests were not sufficiently sensitive to differentiate strains of serotypes 3, 6, and 8. However, higher antibody titers were obtained with a 2-mercaptoethanol agglutination test in homologous rabbit antisera. Absorption of immune sera with homologous and heterologous serotypes as well as quantitative estimation of antigenic activity in the unheated and heat-treated bacterial cell suspensions of reference strains with rabbit homologous and heterologous antisera revealed serotype-specific and cross-reacting group-specific antigens. Usually, serotype-specific antigens were major and dominant over group-specific antigens. The coagglutination test could be used quantitatively to measure the ratio of serotype-specific and group-specific antigens with rabbit hyperimmune sera against serotypes 3, 6, and 8. The highest antigen content for a particular serotype reflected serotype-specific antigen. For strains showing equal amounts of antigen for two or more serotypes in the coagglutination test, the immunodiffusion test with boiled cell-saline extract as the antigen and rabbit antisera against whole-cell suspensions of serotypes 3, 6, and 8 clearly revealed the serotype-specific antigen. It is suggested that coagglutination and immunodiffusion tests could be used successfully to determine the exact serotype of strains belonging to serotypes 3, 6, and 8.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D003429	Cross Reactions	Serological reactions in which an antiserum against one antigen reacts with a non-identical but closely related antigen.	Cross Reaction,Reaction, Cross,Reactions, Cross
D005779	Immunodiffusion	Technique involving the diffusion of antigen or antibody through a semisolid medium, usually agar or agarose gel, with the result being a precipitin reaction.	Gel Diffusion Tests,Diffusion Test, Gel,Diffusion Tests, Gel,Gel Diffusion Test,Immunodiffusions,Test, Gel Diffusion,Tests, Gel Diffusion
D006358	Hot Temperature	Presence of warmth or heat or a temperature notably higher than an accustomed norm.	Heat,Hot Temperatures,Temperature, Hot,Temperatures, Hot
D000188	Actinobacillus	A genus of PASTEURELLACEAE described as gram-negative, nonsporeforming, nonmotile, facultative anaerobes. Most members are found both as pathogens and commensal organisms in the respiratory, alimentary, and genital tracts of animals.
D000372	Agglutination Tests	Tests that are dependent on the clumping of cells, microorganisms, or particles when mixed with specific antiserum. (From Stedman, 26th ed)	Agglutination Test,Test, Agglutination,Tests, Agglutination
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000942	Antigens, Bacterial	Substances elaborated by bacteria that have antigenic activity.	Bacterial Antigen,Bacterial Antigens,Antigen, Bacterial
D012703	Serotyping	Process of determining and distinguishing species of bacteria or viruses based on antigens they share.	Serotypings
D013045	Species Specificity	The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.	Species Specificities,Specificities, Species,Specificity, Species