BIOMAT Database Logo BIOMAT Database Logo

Anti-endotoxin Properties of Polymyxin B-immobilized Fibers. 2019

Tohru Tani, and Tomoharu Shimizu, and Masaji Tani, and Hisataka Shoji, and Yoshihiro Endo
Biomedical Innovation Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan. tan@belle.shiga-med.ac.jp.

Polymyxin B is an antibiotic that shows strong bactericidal activity against Gram-negative bacteria, by binding to and inactivating endotoxin. Systemic administration of polymyxin B in humans is restricted because of its nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity, and this compound was therefore considered a strong candidate ligand for the extracorporeal selective adsorption of circulating endotoxin in the blood. Toraymyxin® is a direct hemoperfusion column that uses polymyxin B attached to an insoluble carrier to bind endotoxin in the blood. In 1994, the Japanese National Health Insurance system approved the use of Toraymyxin for the treatment of endotoxemia and septic shock.In this chapter, we will review the development, clinical use, and efficacy of Toraymyxin, examine the structure of the Toraymyxin column, and comment on the current position of Toraymyxin in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock. We will also highlight some potential new applications of Toraymyxin for pulmonary diseases.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D011112 Polymyxin B A mixture of polymyxins B1 and B2, obtained from BACILLUS POLYMYXA strains. They are basic polypeptides of about eight amino acids and have cationic detergent action on cell membranes. Polymyxin B is used for treatment of infections with gram-negative bacteria, but may be neurotoxic and nephrotoxic. Aerosporin,Polymyxin B Sulfate
D004731 Endotoxins Toxins closely associated with the living cytoplasm or cell wall of certain microorganisms, which do not readily diffuse into the culture medium, but are released upon lysis of the cells. Endotoxin
D006464 Hemoperfusion Removal of toxins or metabolites from the circulation by the passing of blood, within a suitable extracorporeal circuit, over semipermeable microcapsules containing adsorbents (e.g., activated charcoal) or enzymes, other enzyme preparations (e.g., gel-entrapped microsomes, membrane-free enzymes bound to artificial carriers), or other adsorbents (e.g., various resins, albumin-conjugated agarose). Hemosorption,Hemoperfusions,Hemosorptions
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000900 Anti-Bacterial Agents Substances that inhibit the growth or reproduction of BACTERIA. Anti-Bacterial Agent,Anti-Bacterial Compound,Anti-Mycobacterial Agent,Antibacterial Agent,Antibiotics,Antimycobacterial Agent,Bacteriocidal Agent,Bacteriocide,Anti-Bacterial Compounds,Anti-Mycobacterial Agents,Antibacterial Agents,Antibiotic,Antimycobacterial Agents,Bacteriocidal Agents,Bacteriocides,Agent, Anti-Bacterial,Agent, Anti-Mycobacterial,Agent, Antibacterial,Agent, Antimycobacterial,Agent, Bacteriocidal,Agents, Anti-Bacterial,Agents, Anti-Mycobacterial,Agents, Antibacterial,Agents, Antimycobacterial,Agents, Bacteriocidal,Anti Bacterial Agent,Anti Bacterial Agents,Anti Bacterial Compound,Anti Bacterial Compounds,Anti Mycobacterial Agent,Anti Mycobacterial Agents,Compound, Anti-Bacterial,Compounds, Anti-Bacterial
D012772 Shock, Septic Sepsis associated with HYPOTENSION or hypoperfusion despite adequate fluid resuscitation. Perfusion abnormalities may include but are not limited to LACTIC ACIDOSIS; OLIGURIA; or acute alteration in mental status. Endotoxin Shock,Septic Shock,Shock, Endotoxic,Shock, Toxic,Toxic Shock,Toxic Shock Syndrome,Endotoxin Shocks,Shock Syndrome, Toxic,Shock, Endotoxin,Shocks, Endotoxin,Toxic Shock Syndromes
D018805 Sepsis Systemic inflammatory response syndrome with a proven or suspected infectious etiology. When sepsis is associated with organ dysfunction distant from the site of infection, it is called severe sepsis. When sepsis is accompanied by HYPOTENSION despite adequate fluid infusion, it is called SEPTIC SHOCK. Bloodstream Infection,Pyaemia,Pyemia,Pyohemia,Blood Poisoning,Poisoning, Blood,Septicemia,Severe Sepsis,Blood Poisonings,Bloodstream Infections,Infection, Bloodstream,Poisonings, Blood,Pyaemias,Pyemias,Pyohemias,Sepsis, Severe,Septicemias
D019446 Endotoxemia A condition characterized by the presence of ENDOTOXINS in the blood. On lysis, the outer cell wall of gram-negative bacteria enters the systemic circulation and initiates a pathophysiologic cascade of pro-inflammatory mediators. Endotoxemias

Related Publications

Tohru Tani, and Tomoharu Shimizu, and Masaji Tani, and Hisataka Shoji, and Yoshihiro Endo
Extracorporeal removal of endotoxin: the polymyxin B-immobilized fiber cartridge.
January 2010, Contributions to nephrology,
Tohru Tani, and Tomoharu Shimizu, and Masaji Tani, and Hisataka Shoji, and Yoshihiro Endo
Polymyxin B immobilized on cross-linked cellulose microspheres for endotoxin adsorption.
January 2016, Carbohydrate polymers,
Tohru Tani, and Tomoharu Shimizu, and Masaji Tani, and Hisataka Shoji, and Yoshihiro Endo
Endotoxin removal by polymyxin B immobilized cartridge inactivates circulating proapoptotic factors.
January 2010, Contributions to nephrology,
Tohru Tani, and Tomoharu Shimizu, and Masaji Tani, and Hisataka Shoji, and Yoshihiro Endo
Removal of endotoxin in blood by polymyxin B immobilized polystyrene-derivative fiber.
April 2002, Therapeutic apheresis : official journal of the International Society for Apheresis and the Japanese Society for Apheresis,
Tohru Tani, and Tomoharu Shimizu, and Masaji Tani, and Hisataka Shoji, and Yoshihiro Endo
Treatment of sepsis by extracorporeal elimination of endotoxin using polymyxin B-immobilized fiber.
April 1994, American journal of surgery,
Tohru Tani, and Tomoharu Shimizu, and Masaji Tani, and Hisataka Shoji, and Yoshihiro Endo
[Treatment of sepsis by extracorporeal elimination of endotoxin using fiber-immobilized polymyxin B].
August 1993, Nihon Geka Gakkai zasshi,
Tohru Tani, and Tomoharu Shimizu, and Masaji Tani, and Hisataka Shoji, and Yoshihiro Endo
In Vitro Study of Endotoxin Adsorption by a Polymyxin B-Immobilized Fiber Column.
January 2018, Blood purification,
Tohru Tani, and Tomoharu Shimizu, and Masaji Tani, and Hisataka Shoji, and Yoshihiro Endo
Immunomodulation in sepsis: the role of endotoxin removal by polymyxin B-immobilized cartridge.
January 2013, Mediators of inflammation,
Tohru Tani, and Tomoharu Shimizu, and Masaji Tani, and Hisataka Shoji, and Yoshihiro Endo
Endotoxin adsorption therapy for septic shock using polymyxin B-immobilized fibers (PMX): evaluation by high-sensitivity endotoxin assay and measurement of the cytokine production capacity.
February 2006, Therapeutic apheresis and dialysis : official peer-reviewed journal of the International Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy,
Tohru Tani, and Tomoharu Shimizu, and Masaji Tani, and Hisataka Shoji, and Yoshihiro Endo
Newly developed immobilized polymyxin B fibers improve the survival of patients with sepsis.
January 2001, Blood purification,
Copied contents to your clipboard!