Biomaterial Database

The reversal of midazolam sedation with the benzodiazepine antagonist flumazenil (Anexate). 1988

A F Merry, and G J Clapham, and J S Walker

Green Lane Hospital, Auckland.

Flumazenil (Anexate) was used to reverse midazolam sedation in a series of 108 patients undergoing minor diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. At a mode dose of 0.5 mg IV, flumazenil was shown to rapidly and predictably reverse the sedation produced by a mode dose of 5 mg midazolam. Amnesia for the procedure was excellent in all but three cases, and side effects were infrequent and minor. In the endoscopy clinic, the use of flumazenil was perceived by clinicians to significantly improve the speed and quality of recovery.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008874	Midazolam	A short-acting hypnotic-sedative drug with anxiolytic and amnestic properties. It is used in dentistry, cardiac surgery, endoscopic procedures, as preanesthetic medication, and as an adjunct to local anesthesia. The short duration and cardiorespiratory stability makes it useful in poor-risk, elderly, and cardiac patients. It is water-soluble at pH less than 4 and lipid-soluble at physiological pH.	Dormicum,Midazolam Hydrochloride,Midazolam Maleate,Ro 21-3981,Versed,Hydrochloride, Midazolam,Maleate, Midazolam,Ro 21 3981,Ro 213981
D004341	Drug Evaluation	Any process by which toxicity, metabolism, absorption, elimination, preferred route of administration, safe dosage range, etc., for a drug or group of drugs is determined through clinical assessment in humans or veterinary animals.	Evaluation Studies, Drug,Drug Evaluation Studies,Drug Evaluation Study,Drug Evaluations,Evaluation Study, Drug,Evaluation, Drug,Evaluations, Drug,Studies, Drug Evaluation,Study, Drug Evaluation
D004347	Drug Interactions	The action of a drug that may affect the activity, metabolism, or toxicity of another drug.	Drug Interaction,Interaction, Drug,Interactions, Drug
D004724	Endoscopy	Procedures of applying ENDOSCOPES for disease diagnosis and treatment. Endoscopy involves passing an optical instrument through a small incision in the skin i.e., percutaneous; or through a natural orifice and along natural body pathways such as the digestive tract; and/or through an incision in the wall of a tubular structure or organ, i.e. transluminal, to examine or perform surgery on the interior parts of the body.	Endoscopic Surgical Procedures,Surgical Procedures, Endoscopic,Endoscopic Surgical Procedure,Endoscopy, Surgical,Surgical Endoscopy,Surgical Procedure, Endoscopic,Procedure, Endoscopic Surgical,Procedures, Endoscopic Surgical
D005442	Flumazenil	A potent benzodiazepine receptor antagonist. Since it reverses the sedative and other actions of benzodiazepines, it has been suggested as an antidote to benzodiazepine overdoses.	Flumazepil,Anexate,Lanexat,Ro 15-1788,Romazicon,Ro 15 1788,Ro 151788
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000762	Anesthesia Recovery Period	The period of emergence from general anesthesia, where different elements of consciousness return at different rates.	Recovery Period, Anesthesia,Anesthesia Recovery Periods,Period, Anesthesia Recovery,Periods, Anesthesia Recovery,Recovery Periods, Anesthesia
D000771	Anesthesia, Intravenous	Process of administering an anesthetic through injection directly into the bloodstream.	Anesthesias, Intravenous,Intravenous Anesthesia,Intravenous Anesthesias
D001569	Benzodiazepines	A group of two-ring heterocyclic compounds consisting of a benzene ring fused to a diazepine ring.	Benzodiazepine,Benzodiazepine Compounds