Organization and training at national level of antimicrobial stewardship and infection control activities in Europe: an ESCMID cross-sectional survey. 2019

Alberto Enrico Maraolo, and David S Y Ong, and Cansu Cimen, and Philip Howard, and Diamantis P Kofteridis, and Jeroen Schouten, and Nico T Mutters, and Céline Pulcini, and
Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.

Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) and Infection prevention and control (IPC) are two key complementary strategies that combat development and spread of antimicrobial resistance. The ESGAP (ESCMID Study Group for AMS), EUCIC (European Committee on Infection Control) and TAE (Trainee Association of ESCMID) investigated how AMS and IPC activities and training are organized, if present, at national level in Europe. From February 2018 to May 2018, an internet-based cross-sectional survey was conducted through a 36-item questionnaire, involving up to three selected respondents per country, from 38 European countries in total (including Israel), belonging to the ESGAP/EUCIC/TAE networks. All 38 countries participated with at least one respondent, and a total of 81 respondents. Education and involvement in AMS programmes were mandatory during the postgraduate training of clinical microbiology and infectious diseases specialists in up to one-third of countries. IPC was acknowledged as a specialty in 32% of countries. Only 32% of countries had both guidance and national requirements regarding AMS programmes, in contrast to 61% for IPC. Formal national staffing standards for AMS and IPC hospital-based activities were present in 24% and 63% of countries, respectively. The backgrounds of professionals responsible for AMS and IPC programmes varied tremendously between countries. The organization and training of AMS and IPC in Europe are heterogeneous and national requirements for activities are frequently lacking.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D011795 Surveys and Questionnaires Collections of data obtained from voluntary subjects. The information usually takes the form of answers to questions, or suggestions. Community Survey,Nonrespondent,Questionnaire,Questionnaires,Respondent,Survey,Survey Method,Survey Methods,Surveys,Baseline Survey,Community Surveys,Methodology, Survey,Nonrespondents,Questionnaire Design,Randomized Response Technique,Repeated Rounds of Survey,Respondents,Survey Methodology,Baseline Surveys,Design, Questionnaire,Designs, Questionnaire,Methods, Survey,Questionnaire Designs,Questionnaires and Surveys,Randomized Response Techniques,Response Technique, Randomized,Response Techniques, Randomized,Survey, Baseline,Survey, Community,Surveys, Baseline,Surveys, Community,Techniques, Randomized Response
D003430 Cross-Sectional Studies Studies in which the presence or absence of disease or other health-related variables are determined in each member of the study population or in a representative sample at one particular time. This contrasts with LONGITUDINAL STUDIES which are followed over a period of time. Disease Frequency Surveys,Prevalence Studies,Analysis, Cross-Sectional,Cross Sectional Analysis,Cross-Sectional Survey,Surveys, Disease Frequency,Analyses, Cross Sectional,Analyses, Cross-Sectional,Analysis, Cross Sectional,Cross Sectional Analyses,Cross Sectional Studies,Cross Sectional Survey,Cross-Sectional Analyses,Cross-Sectional Analysis,Cross-Sectional Study,Cross-Sectional Surveys,Disease Frequency Survey,Prevalence Study,Studies, Cross-Sectional,Studies, Prevalence,Study, Cross-Sectional,Study, Prevalence,Survey, Cross-Sectional,Survey, Disease Frequency,Surveys, Cross-Sectional
D004502 Education, Medical, Continuing Educational programs designed to inform physicians of recent advances in their field. Medical Education, Continuing,Continuing Medical Education,Education, Continuing Medical
D005060 Europe The continent north of AFRICA, west of ASIA and east of the ATLANTIC OCEAN. Northern Europe,Southern Europe,Western Europe
D006739 Hospital Administration Management of the internal organization of the hospital. Hospital Organization and Administration,Organization and Administration, Hospital,Administration, Hospital
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000073602 Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs and guidelines for selecting optimal ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS regimens in an effort to maintain antibiotic efficacy, reduce CROSS INFECTION related to ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE while managing satisfactory clinical and economic outcomes. Antibiotic Stewardship,Stewardship, Antibiotic,Stewardship, Antimicrobial
D016357 Infection Control Practitioners Physicians or other qualified individuals responsible for implementing and overseeing the policies and procedures followed by a health care facility to reduce the risk of infection to patients and staff. Infection Control Practitioner,Practitioner, Infection Control,Practitioners, Infection Control
D017053 Infection Control Programs of disease surveillance, generally within health care facilities, designed to investigate, prevent, and control the spread of infections and their causative microorganisms. Control, Infection
D017056 Medical Laboratory Personnel Health care professionals, technicians, and assistants staffing LABORATORIES in research or health care facilities. Clinical Laboratory Personnel,Clinical Laboratory Scientists,Clinical Laboratory Technicians,Medical Laboratory Assistants,Medical Laboratory Scientists,Medical Laboratory Technicians,Medical Technologists,Assistant, Medical Laboratory,Assistants, Medical Laboratory,Clinical Laboratory Personnels,Clinical Laboratory Scientist,Clinical Laboratory Technician,Laboratory Assistant, Medical,Laboratory Assistants, Medical,Laboratory Personnel, Clinical,Laboratory Personnel, Medical,Laboratory Personnels, Clinical,Laboratory Personnels, Medical,Laboratory Scientist, Clinical,Laboratory Scientist, Medical,Laboratory Scientists, Clinical,Laboratory Scientists, Medical,Laboratory Technician, Clinical,Laboratory Technician, Medical,Laboratory Technicians, Clinical,Laboratory Technicians, Medical,Medical Laboratory Assistant,Medical Laboratory Personnels,Medical Laboratory Scientist,Medical Laboratory Technician,Medical Technologist,Personnel, Clinical Laboratory,Personnel, Medical Laboratory,Personnels, Clinical Laboratory,Personnels, Medical Laboratory,Scientist, Clinical Laboratory,Scientist, Medical Laboratory,Scientists, Clinical Laboratory,Scientists, Medical Laboratory,Technician, Clinical Laboratory,Technician, Medical Laboratory,Technicians, Clinical Laboratory,Technicians, Medical Laboratory,Technologist, Medical,Technologists, Medical

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