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Cryptosporidium Diagnostic Assays: Molecular Detection. 2020

Guy Robinson, and Kristin Elwin, and Rachel M Chalmers
Cryptosporidium Reference Unit, Public Health Wales Microbiology and Health Protection, Singleton Hospital, Swansea, UK.

Molecular diagnostic assays for Cryptosporidium are usually based on PCR and may detect the entire genus or target specified species. Of the ~40 species, fewer than half have been reported from humans, and most human cases of cryptosporidiosis are caused by Cryptosporidium parvum or Cryptosporidium hominis. Here we describe a nested PCR for the detection of all Cryptosporidium spp. that can then be differentiated by sequencing the PCR amplicons, and a duplex, real-time PCR for the simultaneous detection and differentiation of C. parvum and C. hominis.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D003457 Cryptosporidiosis Intestinal infection with organisms of the genus CRYPTOSPORIDIUM. It occurs in both animals and humans. Symptoms include severe DIARRHEA. Cryptosporidium Infection,Cryptosporidioses,Cryptosporidium Infections,Infection, Cryptosporidium
D003458 Cryptosporidium A genus of coccidian parasites of the family CRYPTOSPORIDIIDAE, found in the intestinal epithelium of many vertebrates including humans. Cryptosporidiums
D005243 Feces Excrement from the INTESTINES, containing unabsorbed solids, waste products, secretions, and BACTERIA of the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM.
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D012680 Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed) Specificity,Sensitivity,Specificity and Sensitivity
D016054 DNA, Protozoan Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of protozoa. Protozoan DNA
D016133 Polymerase Chain Reaction In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships. Anchored PCR,Inverse PCR,Nested PCR,PCR,Anchored Polymerase Chain Reaction,Inverse Polymerase Chain Reaction,Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction,PCR, Anchored,PCR, Inverse,PCR, Nested,Polymerase Chain Reactions,Reaction, Polymerase Chain,Reactions, Polymerase Chain
D016785 Cryptosporidium parvum A species of parasitic protozoa that infects humans and most domestic mammals. Its oocysts measure five microns in diameter. These organisms exhibit alternating cycles of sexual and asexual reproduction. Cryptosporidium parvums,parvum, Cryptosporidium
D057188 Workflow Description of pattern of recurrent functions or procedures frequently found in organizational processes, such as notification, decision, and action. Work Flow,Work Flows,Workflows
D060888 Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Methods used for detecting the amplified DNA products from the polymerase chain reaction as they accumulate instead of at the end of the reaction. Kinetic Polymerase Chain Reaction,Quantitative Real-Time PCR,Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction,Real-Time PCR,PCR, Quantitative Real-Time,PCR, Real-Time,PCRs, Quantitative Real-Time,PCRs, Real-Time,Quantitative Real Time PCR,Quantitative Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction,Quantitative Real-Time PCRs,Real Time PCR,Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction,Real-Time PCR, Quantitative,Real-Time PCRs,Real-Time PCRs, Quantitative

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