Biomaterial Database

Intraoral Air Abrasion: A Review of Devices, Materials, Evidence, and Clinical Applications in Restorative Dentistry. 2019

Chan-Te Huang, and Jihyon Kim, and Celin Arce, and Nathaniel C. Lawson

Chief Resident, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Dentistry, Birmingham, Alabama; Attending Faculty, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan.

Intraoral air abrasion is a technique in which abrasive particles are used to remove or alter tooth structure. Intraoral air-abrasion devices are available as standalone units that offer a variety of customization, such as modifications to air pressure, particle flow rate, and water flow rate, or as attachments to a dental unit, allowing for a smaller footprint in the operatory. Some devices used for intraoral air abrasion are able to limit excess particle spray through utilization of a shroud of water. Aluminum oxide, or alumina, is the most commonly used and most abrasive type of air-abrasion medium; it is used mostly to roughen or remove tooth structure. Other types of particles are intended for cleaning tooth surfaces. Previous research has reported negative and positive effects, as well as no effect, of air abrasion on the bond to dentin and enamel. The results of a study performed for this review show that air abrasion to both dentin and enamel with alumina at 60-psi pressure produced a visible roughening texture but did not negatively affect bond strength. Clinical applications for intraoral air abrasion in restorative dentistry include cavity preparation, cleaning of preparations, and removal of plaque and stain prior to restoring a tooth.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008422	Materials Testing	The testing of materials and devices, especially those used for PROSTHESES AND IMPLANTS; SUTURES; TISSUE ADHESIVES; etc., for hardness, strength, durability, safety, efficacy, and biocompatibility.	Biocompatibility Testing,Biocompatible Materials Testing,Hemocompatibility Testing,Testing, Biocompatible Materials,Testing, Hemocompatible Materials,Hemocompatibility Testings,Hemocompatible Materials Testing,Materials Testing, Biocompatible,Materials Testing, Hemocompatible,Testing, Biocompatibility,Testing, Hemocompatibility,Testing, Materials,Testings, Biocompatibility
D003737	Dental Cavity Preparation	An operation in which carious material is removed from teeth and biomechanically correct forms are established in the teeth to receive and retain restorations. A constant requirement is provision for prevention of failure of the restoration through recurrence of decay or inadequate resistance to applied stresses. (Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed, p239-40)	Cavity Preparation, Dental,Cavity Preparations, Dental,Dental Cavity Preparations,Preparation, Dental Cavity,Preparations, Dental Cavity
D003743	Dental Enamel	A hard thin translucent layer of calcified substance which envelops and protects the dentin of the crown of the tooth. It is the hardest substance in the body and is almost entirely composed of calcium salts. Under the microscope, it is composed of thin rods (enamel prisms) held together by cementing substance, and surrounded by an enamel sheath. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p286)	Enamel,Enamel Cuticle,Dental Enamels,Enamel, Dental,Enamels, Dental,Cuticle, Enamel,Cuticles, Enamel,Enamel Cuticles,Enamels
D003804	Dentin	The hard portion of the tooth surrounding the pulp, covered by enamel on the crown and cementum on the root, which is harder and denser than bone but softer than enamel, and is thus readily abraded when left unprotected. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992)	Dentine,Dentines,Dentins
D000537	Aluminum Oxide	An oxide of aluminum, occurring in nature as various minerals such as bauxite, corundum, etc. It is used as an adsorbent, desiccating agent, and catalyst, and in the manufacture of dental cements and refractories.	Alumina,Alumina Ceramic,Aluminum Oxide (Al130O40),Aluminum Oxide (Al2O),Aluminum Oxide (AlO2),Bauxite,Corundum,Sapphire,Ceramic, Alumina,Oxide, Aluminum
D013499	Surface Properties	Characteristics or attributes of the outer boundaries of objects, including molecules.	Properties, Surface,Property, Surface,Surface Property
D020906	Air Abrasion, Dental	A technique using a pneumatic, high-pressure stream of aluminum oxide to remove DENTAL ENAMEL; DENTIN; and restorative materials from teeth. In contrast to using DENTAL HIGH-SPEED EQUIPMENT, this method usually requires no dental anesthesia (ANESTHESIA, DENTAL) and reduces risks of tooth chipping and microfracturing. It is used primarily for routine DENTAL CAVITY PREPARATION.	Dental Air Abrasion,Abrasion, Dental Air,Abrasions, Dental Air,Air Abrasions, Dental,Dental Air Abrasions