R3hdml regulates satellite cell proliferation and differentiation. 2019

Kenichi Sakamoto, and Yasuro Furuichi, and Masashi Yamamoto, and Megumi Takahashi, and Yoshihiro Akimoto, and Takahiro Ishikawa, and Takahiko Shimizu, and Masanori Fujimoto, and Aki Takada-Watanabe, and Aiko Hayashi, and Yoshitaka Mita, and Yasuko Manabe, and Nobuharu L Fujii, and Ryoichi Ishibashi, and Yoshiro Maezawa, and Christer Betsholtz, and Koutaro Yokote, and Minoru Takemoto
Department of Endocrinology, Hematology, and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan.

In this study, we identified a previously uncharacterized skeletal satellite cell-secreted protein, R3h domain containing-like (R3hdml). Expression of R3hdml increases during skeletal muscle development and differentiation in mice. Body weight and skeletal muscle mass of R3hdml knockout (KO) mice are lower compared to control mice. Expression levels of cell cycle-related markers, phosphorylation of Akt, and expression of insulin-like growth factor within the skeletal muscle are reduced in R3hdml KO mice compared to control mice. Expression of R3hdml increases during muscle regeneration in response to cardiotoxin (CTX)-induced muscle injury. Recovery of handgrip strength after CTX injection was significantly impaired in R3hdml KO mice, which is rescued by R3hdml. Our results indicate that R3hdml is required for skeletal muscle development, regeneration, and, in particular, satellite cell proliferation and differentiation.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D012038 Regeneration The physiological renewal, repair, or replacement of tissue. Endogenous Regeneration,Regeneration, Endogenous,Regenerations
D002454 Cell Differentiation Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs. Differentiation, Cell,Cell Differentiations,Differentiations, Cell
D000595 Amino Acid Sequence The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION. Protein Structure, Primary,Amino Acid Sequences,Sequence, Amino Acid,Sequences, Amino Acid,Primary Protein Structure,Primary Protein Structures,Protein Structures, Primary,Structure, Primary Protein,Structures, Primary Protein
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D015398 Signal Transduction The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway. Cell Signaling,Receptor-Mediated Signal Transduction,Signal Pathways,Receptor Mediated Signal Transduction,Signal Transduction Pathways,Signal Transduction Systems,Pathway, Signal,Pathway, Signal Transduction,Pathways, Signal,Pathways, Signal Transduction,Receptor-Mediated Signal Transductions,Signal Pathway,Signal Transduction Pathway,Signal Transduction System,Signal Transduction, Receptor-Mediated,Signal Transductions,Signal Transductions, Receptor-Mediated,System, Signal Transduction,Systems, Signal Transduction,Transduction, Signal,Transductions, Signal
D015415 Biomarkers Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE and its effects, disease diagnosis; METABOLIC PROCESSES; SUBSTANCE ABUSE; PREGNANCY; cell line development; EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES; etc. Biochemical Markers,Biological Markers,Biomarker,Clinical Markers,Immunologic Markers,Laboratory Markers,Markers, Biochemical,Markers, Biological,Markers, Clinical,Markers, Immunologic,Markers, Laboratory,Markers, Serum,Markers, Surrogate,Markers, Viral,Serum Markers,Surrogate Markers,Viral Markers,Biochemical Marker,Biologic Marker,Biologic Markers,Clinical Marker,Immune Marker,Immune Markers,Immunologic Marker,Laboratory Marker,Marker, Biochemical,Marker, Biological,Marker, Clinical,Marker, Immunologic,Marker, Laboratory,Marker, Serum,Marker, Surrogate,Serum Marker,Surrogate End Point,Surrogate End Points,Surrogate Endpoint,Surrogate Endpoints,Surrogate Marker,Viral Marker,Biological Marker,End Point, Surrogate,End Points, Surrogate,Endpoint, Surrogate,Endpoints, Surrogate,Marker, Biologic,Marker, Immune,Marker, Viral,Markers, Biologic,Markers, Immune
D015870 Gene Expression The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION. Expression, Gene,Expressions, Gene,Gene Expressions
D017570 MyoD Protein A myogenic regulatory factor that controls myogenesis. Though it is not clear how its function differs from the other myogenic regulatory factors, MyoD appears to be related to fusion and terminal differentiation of the muscle cell. MyoD Factor,Factor, MyoD,Protein, MyoD
D049109 Cell Proliferation All of the processes involved in increasing CELL NUMBER including CELL DIVISION. Cell Growth in Number,Cellular Proliferation,Cell Multiplication,Cell Number Growth,Growth, Cell Number,Multiplication, Cell,Number Growth, Cell,Proliferation, Cell,Proliferation, Cellular
D051057 Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt Protein-serine-threonine kinases that contain PLECKSTRIN HOMOLOGY DOMAINS and are activated by PHOSPHORYLATION in response to GROWTH FACTORS or INSULIN. They play a major role in cell metabolism, growth, and survival as a core component of SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION. Three isoforms have been described in mammalian cells. akt Proto-Oncogene Protein,c-akt Protein,AKT1 Protein Kinase,AKT2 Protein Kinase,AKT3 Protein Kinase,Akt-alpha Protein,Akt-beta Protein,Akt-gamma Protein,Protein Kinase B,Protein Kinase B alpha,Protein Kinase B beta,Protein Kinase B gamma,Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinase (Rac),Proto-Oncogene Protein Akt,Proto-Oncogene Protein RAC,Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt1,Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt2,Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt3,RAC-PK Protein,Rac Protein Kinase,Rac-PK alpha Protein,Rac-PK beta Protein,Related to A and C-Protein,c-akt Proto-Oncogene Protein,Akt alpha Protein,Akt beta Protein,Akt gamma Protein,Akt, Proto-Oncogene Protein,Protein, akt Proto-Oncogene,Protein, c-akt Proto-Oncogene,Proteins c-akt1, Proto-Oncogene,Proteins c-akt2, Proto-Oncogene,Proteins c-akt3, Proto-Oncogene,Proto Oncogene Protein Akt,Proto Oncogene Protein RAC,Proto Oncogene Proteins c akt,Proto Oncogene Proteins c akt1,Proto Oncogene Proteins c akt2,Proto Oncogene Proteins c akt3,Proto-Oncogene Protein, akt,Proto-Oncogene Protein, c-akt,RAC PK Protein,RAC, Proto-Oncogene Protein,Rac PK alpha Protein,Rac PK beta Protein,Related to A and C Protein,akt Proto Oncogene Protein,alpha Protein, Rac-PK,c akt Proto Oncogene Protein,c-akt, Proto-Oncogene Proteins,c-akt1, Proto-Oncogene Proteins,c-akt2, Proto-Oncogene Proteins,c-akt3, Proto-Oncogene Proteins

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