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A randomised treatment design for 49 chronically obsessive-compulsive ritualising patients was devised and three controlled comparisons were made. 1. During 7 weeks of self-exposure instructions, clomipramine treatment improved some measures of rituals and depression significantly more than did placebo medication; this effect was transient and disappeared as drug treatment and exposure were continued for a further 15 weeks. 2. During 11-16 weeks of clomipramine treatment, self-exposure instructions yielded highly significantly more patient improvement than did anti-exposure instructions on nearly all measures of rituals and some of social adjustment. 3. Adding therapist-aided exposure (1.3 hours) to self-exposure instructions (3 hours) after 8 weeks had a barely significant transient effect of dubious clinical value, which was lost by the end of exposure (at week 23) and during follow-up assessments to week 52. We conclude that of the three therapeutic factors tested, self-exposure was the most potent; clomipramine played a limited adjuvant role, and therapist-aided exposure a marginal one.
I M Marks, and
P Lelliott, and
M Basoglu, and
H Noshirvani, and
W Monteiro, and
D Cohen, and
Y Kasvikis
January 1980,
The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science,
I M Marks, and
P Lelliott, and
M Basoglu, and
H Noshirvani, and
W Monteiro, and
D Cohen, and
Y Kasvikis
January 1982,
The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science,
I M Marks, and
P Lelliott, and
M Basoglu, and
H Noshirvani, and
W Monteiro, and
D Cohen, and
Y Kasvikis
December 1988,
The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science,
I M Marks, and
P Lelliott, and
M Basoglu, and
H Noshirvani, and
W Monteiro, and
D Cohen, and
Y Kasvikis
April 1989,
The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science,
I M Marks, and
P Lelliott, and
M Basoglu, and
H Noshirvani, and
W Monteiro, and
D Cohen, and
Y Kasvikis
February 1980,
The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science,
I M Marks, and
P Lelliott, and
M Basoglu, and
H Noshirvani, and
W Monteiro, and
D Cohen, and
Y Kasvikis
November 1988,
The Medical letter on drugs and therapeutics,
I M Marks, and
P Lelliott, and
M Basoglu, and
H Noshirvani, and
W Monteiro, and
D Cohen, and
Y Kasvikis
July 1988,
The American journal of psychiatry,
I M Marks, and
P Lelliott, and
M Basoglu, and
H Noshirvani, and
W Monteiro, and
D Cohen, and
Y Kasvikis
May 1991,
American family physician,
I M Marks, and
P Lelliott, and
M Basoglu, and
H Noshirvani, and
W Monteiro, and
D Cohen, and
Y Kasvikis
January 1995,
Journal of child and adolescent psychiatric nursing : official publication of the Association of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nurses, Inc,
I M Marks, and
P Lelliott, and
M Basoglu, and
H Noshirvani, and
W Monteiro, and
D Cohen, and
Y Kasvikis
June 1994,
Journal of clinical psychopharmacology,
