A Review on Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene (HCBD): Sources, Occurrence, Toxicity and Transformation. 2020

Qingqing Kong, and Yu Wang, and Xin Yang
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.

Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene (HCBD) is a persistent organic pollutant listed in Annex A and C of the Stockholm Convention. This review summarized the sources, occurrence, toxicity, and transformation of HCBD in the environment. HCBD had no natural sources, and anthropogenic sources made it frequently detected in environmental medium, generally at µg L- 1 and µg kg- 1 in water and soil (or organism) samples, respectively. HCBD posed reproductive, genetic, and potentially carcinogenic toxicity to organisms, threatening human health and the ecosystem. Upon biodegradation, photodegradation and physicochemical degradation processes, HCBD can be degraded to a different extent. Nevertheless, further studies should be focused on the potential emission sources and the impact of HCBD on human health and the environment. Additionally, exploring removal technologies based on advanced oxidation and reduction are recommended.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D010084 Oxidation-Reduction A chemical reaction in which an electron is transferred from one molecule to another. The electron-donating molecule is the reducing agent or reductant; the electron-accepting molecule is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Reducing and oxidizing agents function as conjugate reductant-oxidant pairs or redox pairs (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p471). Redox,Oxidation Reduction
D002070 Butadienes Four carbon unsaturated hydrocarbons containing two double bonds. Butadiene Derivative,Butadiene Derivatives,Derivative, Butadiene,Derivatives, Butadiene
D005618 Fresh Water Water containing no significant amounts of salts, such as water from RIVERS and LAKES. Freshwater,Fresh Waters,Freshwaters,Water, Fresh,Waters, Fresh
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001673 Biodegradation, Environmental Elimination of ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS; PESTICIDES and other waste using living organisms, usually involving intervention of environmental or sanitation engineers. Bioremediation,Phytoremediation,Natural Attenuation, Pollution,Environmental Biodegradation,Pollution Natural Attenuation
D001711 Biotransformation The chemical alteration of an exogenous substance by or in a biological system. The alteration may inactivate the compound or it may result in the production of an active metabolite of an inactive parent compound. The alterations may be divided into METABOLIC DETOXICATION, PHASE I and METABOLIC DETOXICATION, PHASE II.
D014874 Water Pollutants, Chemical Chemical compounds which pollute the water of rivers, streams, lakes, the sea, reservoirs, or other bodies of water. Chemical Water Pollutants,Landfill Leachate,Leachate, Landfill,Pollutants, Chemical Water
D017753 Ecosystem A functional system which includes the organisms of a natural community together with their environment. (McGraw Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) Ecosystems,Biome,Ecologic System,Ecologic Systems,Ecological System,Habitat,Niche, Ecological,System, Ecological,Systems, Ecological,Biomes,Ecological Niche,Ecological Systems,Habitats,System, Ecologic,Systems, Ecologic
D062065 Wastewater Contaminated water generated as a waste product of human activity. Waste Water,Waste Waters,Wastewaters,Water, Waste,Waters, Waste

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