Optocardiography and Electrophysiology Studies of Ex Vivo Langendorff-perfused Hearts. 2019

Luther M Swift, and Rafael Jaimes, and Damon McCullough, and Morgan Burke, and Marissa Reilly, and Takuya Maeda, and Hanyu Zhang, and Nobuyuki Ishibashi, and Jack M Rogers, and Nikki Gillum Posnack
Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation, Children's National Hospital; Children's National Heart Institute, Children's National Hospital.

Small animal models are most commonly used in cardiovascular research due to the availability of genetically modified species and lower cost compared to larger animals. Yet, larger mammals are better suited for translational research questions related to normal cardiac physiology, pathophysiology, and preclinical testing of therapeutic agents. To overcome the technical barriers associated with employing a larger animal model in cardiac research, we describe an approach to measure physiological parameters in an isolated, Langendorff-perfused piglet heart. This approach combines two powerful experimental tools to evaluate the state of the heart: electrophysiology (EP) study and simultaneous optical mapping of transmembrane voltage and intracellular calcium using parameter sensitive dyes (RH237, Rhod2-AM). The described methodologies are well suited for translational studies investigating the cardiac conduction system, alterations in action potential morphology, calcium handling, excitation-contraction coupling and the incidence of cardiac alternans or arrhythmias.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D002118 Calcium A basic element found in nearly all tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes. Coagulation Factor IV,Factor IV,Blood Coagulation Factor IV,Calcium-40,Calcium 40,Factor IV, Coagulation
D006329 Heart Conduction System An impulse-conducting system composed of modified cardiac muscle, having the power of spontaneous rhythmicity and conduction more highly developed than the rest of the heart. Conduction System, Heart,Conduction Systems, Heart,Heart Conduction Systems,System, Heart Conduction,Systems, Heart Conduction
D000067268 Isolated Heart Preparation Method of isolation and maintenance of a working heart for various cardiac measurements. The model allows for the separation of cardiac and systemic variables in the denervated heart. Isolated Heart Preparation Technique,Isolated Perfused Heart Model,Langendorff Perfused Heart,Langendorff Perfused Isolated Heart Preparation,Working Heart Preparation,Working Heart Preparation Technique,Working Heart Technique,Heart, Langendorff Perfused,Isolated Heart Preparations,Perfused Heart, Langendorff,Preparation, Isolated Heart,Preparation, Working Heart,Preparations, Isolated Heart,Preparations, Working Heart,Technique, Working Heart,Techniques, Working Heart,Working Heart Preparations,Working Heart Techniques
D000200 Action Potentials Abrupt changes in the membrane potential that sweep along the CELL MEMBRANE of excitable cells in response to excitation stimuli. Spike Potentials,Nerve Impulses,Action Potential,Impulse, Nerve,Impulses, Nerve,Nerve Impulse,Potential, Action,Potential, Spike,Potentials, Action,Potentials, Spike,Spike Potential
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001145 Arrhythmias, Cardiac Any disturbances of the normal rhythmic beating of the heart or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Cardiac arrhythmias can be classified by the abnormalities in HEART RATE, disorders of electrical impulse generation, or impulse conduction. Arrhythmia,Arrythmia,Cardiac Arrhythmia,Cardiac Arrhythmias,Cardiac Dysrhythmia,Arrhythmia, Cardiac,Dysrhythmia, Cardiac
D013552 Swine Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA). Phacochoerus,Pigs,Suidae,Warthogs,Wart Hogs,Hog, Wart,Hogs, Wart,Wart Hog
D042541 Intracellular Space The area within CELLS. Subcellular Space,Intracellular Spaces,Space, Intracellular,Space, Subcellular,Spaces, Intracellular,Spaces, Subcellular,Subcellular Spaces
D054849 Cardiac Electrophysiology The study of the electrical activity and characteristics of the HEART; MYOCARDIUM; and CARDIOMYOCYTES. Cardiac Electrophysiologies,Electrophysiologies, Cardiac,Electrophysiology, Cardiac
D055620 Optical Phenomena LIGHT, its processes and properties, and the characteristics of materials interacting with it. Optical Concepts,Optical Processes,Optical Phenomenon,Optical Process,Concept, Optical,Concepts, Optical,Optical Concept,Phenomena, Optical,Phenomenon, Optical,Process, Optical,Processes, Optical

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