Acrylonitrile potentiation of oxygen toxicity in rats. 1988

V Vilim, and J Nerudova, and E Frantik, and R Holusa
Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Prague, Czechoslovakia.

Single intraperitoneal injection of acrylonitrile, administered prior to the start, at the onset, or during oxygen exposure, respectively, in all cases significantly impaired the survival rate of rats exposed to 98% oxygen. Short periods of lung glutathione depletion by acrylonitrile accelerated the manifestation of O2 toxicity regardless of their timing with respect to the start of oxygen exposure, but in dependence on their intensity and duration. However, the effect of acrylonitrile was probably not solely glutathione-depletion-mediated, since O2 toxicity was enhanced even by acrylonitrile injection, given sufficiently in advance to allow the lung glutathione level to recover before the oxygen exposure started.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007928 Lethal Dose 50 The dose amount of poisonous or toxic substance or dose of ionizing radiation required to kill 50% of the tested population. LD50,Dose 50, Lethal
D008168 Lung Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood. Lungs
D009570 Nitriles Organic compounds containing the -CN radical. The concept is distinguished from CYANIDES, which denotes inorganic salts of HYDROGEN CYANIDE. Nitrile
D010100 Oxygen An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration. Dioxygen,Oxygen-16,Oxygen 16
D004357 Drug Synergism The action of a drug in promoting or enhancing the effectiveness of another drug. Drug Potentiation,Drug Augmentation,Augmentation, Drug,Augmentations, Drug,Drug Augmentations,Drug Potentiations,Drug Synergisms,Potentiation, Drug,Potentiations, Drug,Synergism, Drug,Synergisms, Drug
D005978 Glutathione A tripeptide with many roles in cells. It conjugates to drugs to make them more soluble for excretion, is a cofactor for some enzymes, is involved in protein disulfide bond rearrangement and reduces peroxides. Reduced Glutathione,gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys-Gly,gamma-L-Glutamyl-L-Cysteinylglycine,Glutathione, Reduced,gamma L Glu L Cys Gly,gamma L Glutamyl L Cysteinylglycine
D000181 Acrylonitrile A highly poisonous compound used widely in the manufacture of plastics, adhesives and synthetic rubber. Vinyl Cyanide,Cyanide, Vinyl
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D051381 Rats The common name for the genus Rattus. Rattus,Rats, Laboratory,Rats, Norway,Rattus norvegicus,Laboratory Rat,Laboratory Rats,Norway Rat,Norway Rats,Rat,Rat, Laboratory,Rat, Norway,norvegicus, Rattus

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