Biomaterial Database

Differential hippocampal and cortical cholinergic activation during the acquisition, retention, reversal and extinction of a spatial discrimination in an 8-arm radial maze by mice. 1988

A Toumane, and T Durkin, and A Marighetto, and D Galey, and R Jaffard

Laboratoire de Psychophysiologie, UA-C.N.R.S. 339, Université de Bordeaux I, Talence, France.

Possible differentiation of the intervention of cholinergic septohippocampal and magnocellular forebrain (NBM) projections to cortex during learning and memory processes has been investigated directly using mice. High-affinity choline uptake velocities in the hippocampus and cortex were analyzed, in parallel, at various periods during the acquisition, over 8 days, as were the subsequent retention, reversal and extinction of a spatial discrimination in an 8-arm radial maze. Initial acquisition induced an immediate (30 s) and long-lasting (approx. 3 h) increase in mean hippocampal (+33%) and cortical (+23%) cholinergic activities. The time course of this activation was structure-dependent and correlations of hippocampal-cortical cholinergic activities showed large and consistent alterations as a function of time after training. Cholinergic activation in both brain regions was observed immediately following each daily training session with amplitudes which did not vary significantly in spite of a progressive daily increment in performance. Following acquisition mice were tested for retention, reversal and extinction: 30 s following the retention session, cholinergic activation was observed in both cortex and hippocampus, with magnitudes similar to those observed at the end of acquisition. However, in the reversal and extinction groups, a treatment-dependent attenuation of cholinergic activation was observed which was accompanied by a significant loss of correlation of cholinergic activity between these two brain regions. The results are discussed in relation to the concepts of reference and working memory and also to novelty, stress, arousal and frustrative non-reward. The data constitute direct experimental evidence for a differential involvement of cholinergic septohippocampal and NBM-cortical projections in learning and memory processes.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008568	Memory	Complex mental function having four distinct phases: (1) memorizing or learning, (2) retention, (3) recall, and (4) recognition. Clinically, it is usually subdivided into immediate, recent, and remote memory.
D008810	Mice, Inbred C57BL	One of the first INBRED MOUSE STRAINS to be sequenced. This strain is commonly used as genetic background for transgenic mouse models. Refractory to many tumors, this strain is also preferred model for studying role of genetic variations in development of diseases.	Mice, C57BL,Mouse, C57BL,Mouse, Inbred C57BL,C57BL Mice,C57BL Mice, Inbred,C57BL Mouse,C57BL Mouse, Inbred,Inbred C57BL Mice,Inbred C57BL Mouse
D009434	Neural Pathways	Neural tracts connecting one part of the nervous system with another.	Neural Interconnections,Interconnection, Neural,Interconnections, Neural,Neural Interconnection,Neural Pathway,Pathway, Neural,Pathways, Neural
D009949	Orientation	Awareness of oneself in relation to time, place and person.	Cognitive Orientation,Mental Orientation,Psychological Orientation,Cognitive Orientations,Mental Orientations,Orientation, Cognitive,Orientation, Mental,Orientation, Psychological,Orientations,Orientations, Cognitive,Orientations, Mental,Orientations, Psychological,Psychological Orientations
D012153	Retention, Psychology	The persistence to perform a learned behavior (facts or experiences) after an interval has elapsed in which there has been no performance or practice of the behavior.	Psychological Retention,Retention (Psychology),Psychology Retention,Retention, Psychological
D002540	Cerebral Cortex	The thin layer of GRAY MATTER on the surface of the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES that develops from the TELENCEPHALON and folds into gyri and sulci. It reaches its highest development in humans and is responsible for intellectual faculties and higher mental functions.	Allocortex,Archipallium,Cortex Cerebri,Cortical Plate,Paleocortex,Periallocortex,Allocortices,Archipalliums,Cerebral Cortices,Cortex Cerebrus,Cortex, Cerebral,Cortical Plates,Paleocortices,Periallocortices,Plate, Cortical
D002799	Cholinergic Fibers	Nerve fibers liberating acetylcholine at the synapse after an impulse.	Cholinergic Fiber,Fiber, Cholinergic,Fibers, Cholinergic
D004193	Discrimination Learning	Learning that is manifested in the ability to respond differentially to various stimuli.	Discriminative Learning,Discrimination Learnings,Discriminative Learnings,Learning, Discrimination,Learning, Discriminative
D004285	Dogs	The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)	Canis familiaris,Dog
D005108	Extinction, Psychological	The procedure of presenting the conditioned stimulus without REINFORCEMENT to an organism previously conditioned. It refers also to the diminution of a conditioned response resulting from this procedure.	Psychological Extinction,Extinction (Psychology),Extinctions (Psychology),Extinctions, Psychological,Psychological Extinctions