Biomaterial Database

Treatment of septicemic patients with cefoxitin: pharmacokinetics in renal insufficiency. 1979

G J Pazin, and S N Schwartz, and M Ho, and J A Lyon, and A W Pasculle

Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261.

Experience with cefoxitin in the treatment of septicemia of diverse etiologies in 11 patients is reviewed. Results of a small study of the pharmacokinetics of cefoxitin in patients with renal insufficiency, which was used as a guideline for determining the dosage of cefoxitin for severely ill patients with renal insufficiency, are included. In addition, a summary of data on file at Merck Sharp and Dohme Research Laboratories (Rahway, New Jersey) that concern 135 bacteremic patients who were treated with cefoxitin and evaluated is presented. Although information derived from septicemic patients is among the most difficult to interpret in regard to the efficacy of an investigational antibiotic, both our experience and the summary of data confirm that cefoxitin is a potent antibiotic suitable for use in septicemic patients when the etiologic agent is susceptible; the data also demonstrate that cefoxitin has a significantly expanded spectrum of activity as compared with that of cephalothin.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007676	Kidney Failure, Chronic	The end-stage of CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. It is characterized by the severe irreversible kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and the reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE to less than 15 ml per min (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002). These patients generally require HEMODIALYSIS or KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION.	ESRD,End-Stage Renal Disease,Renal Disease, End-Stage,Renal Failure, Chronic,Renal Failure, End-Stage,Chronic Kidney Failure,End-Stage Kidney Disease,Chronic Renal Failure,Disease, End-Stage Kidney,Disease, End-Stage Renal,End Stage Kidney Disease,End Stage Renal Disease,End-Stage Renal Failure,Kidney Disease, End-Stage,Renal Disease, End Stage,Renal Failure, End Stage
D008297	Male		Males
D011897	Random Allocation	A process involving chance used in therapeutic trials or other research endeavor for allocating experimental subjects, human or animal, between treatment and control groups, or among treatment groups. It may also apply to experiments on inanimate objects.	Randomization,Allocation, Random
D002440	Cefoxitin	A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic resistant to beta-lactamase.	Cefoxitin Sodium,MK-306,Mefoxin,Mefoxitin,Méfoxin,MK 306,MK306,Sodium, Cefoxitin
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D018805	Sepsis	Systemic inflammatory response syndrome with a proven or suspected infectious etiology. When sepsis is associated with organ dysfunction distant from the site of infection, it is called severe sepsis. When sepsis is accompanied by HYPOTENSION despite adequate fluid infusion, it is called SEPTIC SHOCK.	Bloodstream Infection,Pyaemia,Pyemia,Pyohemia,Blood Poisoning,Poisoning, Blood,Septicemia,Severe Sepsis,Blood Poisonings,Bloodstream Infections,Infection, Bloodstream,Poisonings, Blood,Pyaemias,Pyemias,Pyohemias,Sepsis, Severe,Septicemias