Structural Basis of Poxvirus Transcription: Vaccinia RNA Polymerase Complexes. 2019

Clemens Grimm, and Hauke S Hillen, and Kristina Bedenk, and Julia Bartuli, and Simon Neyer, and Qian Zhang, and Alexander Hüttenhofer, and Matthias Erlacher, and Christian Dienemann, and Andreas Schlosser, and Henning Urlaub, and Bettina Böttcher, and Aladar A Szalay, and Patrick Cramer, and Utz Fischer
Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Therapy Research Center (CTRC), Theodor Boveri-Institute, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.

Poxviruses encode a multisubunit DNA-dependent RNA polymerase (vRNAP) that carries out viral gene expression in the host cytoplasm. We report cryo-EM structures of core and complete vRNAP enzymes from Vaccinia virus at 2.8 Å resolution. The vRNAP core enzyme resembles eukaryotic RNA polymerase II (Pol II) but also reveals many virus-specific features, including the transcription factor Rap94. The complete enzyme additionally contains the transcription factor VETF, the mRNA processing factors VTF/CE and NPH-I, the viral core protein E11, and host tRNAGln. This complex can carry out the entire early transcription cycle. The structures show that Rap94 partially resembles the Pol II initiation factor TFIIB, that the vRNAP subunit Rpo30 resembles the Pol II elongation factor TFIIS, and that NPH-I resembles chromatin remodeling enzymes. Together with the accompanying paper (Hillen et al., 2019), these results provide the basis for unraveling the mechanisms of poxvirus transcription and RNA processing.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D009097 Multienzyme Complexes Systems of enzymes which function sequentially by catalyzing consecutive reactions linked by common metabolic intermediates. They may involve simply a transfer of water molecules or hydrogen atoms and may be associated with large supramolecular structures such as MITOCHONDRIA or RIBOSOMES. Complexes, Multienzyme
D000072760 Single Molecule Imaging High resolution imaging techniques that allow visualization of individual molecules of proteins, lipids, or nucleic acids within cells or tissues. Single Molecule Analysis,Single Molecule Tracking,Single Particle Analysis,Single Particle Imaging,Single Particle Microscopy,Single Particle Spectroscopy,Single Particle Tracking,Single Molecule Microscopy,Single Molecule Spectroscopy,Analyses, Single Particle,Analysis, Single Molecule,Analysis, Single Particle,Imaging, Single Molecule,Imaging, Single Particle,Microscopies, Single Particle,Microscopy, Single Molecule,Microscopy, Single Particle,Particle Tracking, Single,Single Molecule Analyses,Single Particle Analyses,Single Particle Microscopies,Single Particle Spectroscopies,Single Particle Trackings,Spectroscopy, Single Molecule,Spectroscopy, Single Particle,Tracking, Single Molecule,Tracking, Single Particle
D012321 DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases Enzymes that catalyze DNA template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand one nucleotide at a time. They can initiate a chain de novo. In eukaryotes, three forms of the enzyme have been distinguished on the basis of sensitivity to alpha-amanitin, and the type of RNA synthesized. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992). DNA-Dependent RNA Polymerases,RNA Polymerases,Transcriptases,DNA-Directed RNA Polymerase,RNA Polymerase,Transcriptase,DNA Dependent RNA Polymerases,DNA Directed RNA Polymerase,DNA Directed RNA Polymerases,Polymerase, DNA-Directed RNA,Polymerase, RNA,Polymerases, DNA-Dependent RNA,Polymerases, DNA-Directed RNA,Polymerases, RNA,RNA Polymerase, DNA-Directed,RNA Polymerases, DNA-Dependent,RNA Polymerases, DNA-Directed
D014157 Transcription Factors Endogenous substances, usually proteins, which are effective in the initiation, stimulation, or termination of the genetic transcription process. Transcription Factor,Factor, Transcription,Factors, Transcription
D014616 Vaccinia virus The type species of ORTHOPOXVIRUS, related to COWPOX VIRUS, but whose true origin is unknown. It has been used as a live vaccine against SMALLPOX. It is also used as a vector for inserting foreign DNA into animals. Rabbitpox virus is a subspecies of VACCINIA VIRUS. Buffalopox virus,Poxvirus officinale,Rabbitpox virus,Buffalo Pox Virus,Rabbit Pox Virus,Buffalo Pox Viruses,Buffalopox viruses,Rabbit Pox Viruses,Rabbitpox viruses,Vaccinia viruses,Virus, Buffalo Pox,Viruses, Buffalo Pox,virus, Buffalopox
D014764 Viral Proteins Proteins found in any species of virus. Gene Products, Viral,Viral Gene Products,Viral Gene Proteins,Viral Protein,Protein, Viral,Proteins, Viral
D020285 Cryoelectron Microscopy Electron microscopy involving rapid freezing of the samples. The imaging of frozen-hydrated molecules and organelles permits the best possible resolution closest to the living state, free of chemical fixatives or stains. Electron Cryomicroscopy,Cryo-electron Microscopy,Cryo electron Microscopy,Cryo-electron Microscopies,Cryoelectron Microscopies,Cryomicroscopies, Electron,Cryomicroscopy, Electron,Electron Cryomicroscopies,Microscopies, Cryo-electron,Microscopies, Cryoelectron,Microscopy, Cryo-electron,Microscopy, Cryoelectron

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