Biomaterial Database

Cortical Excitability through Anodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation: a Computational Approach. 2020

Yashika Arora, and Shubhajit Roy Chowdhury

Biomedical Systems Laboratory, Multimedia, Analytics, Networks and Systems Group, School of Computing and Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India.

The present study analyzes the effect of various anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) configurations in terms of electric field and voltage distribution. The work aims to assess the role of tDCS configurations considering subject's specific anatomy in a computational framework. The study considers the effect of conventional and high definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) by using synthetic magnetic resonance image (MRI) volumes for normal brain and brain with multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions. The configurations presented in this study compare the effect of various m x n HD-tDCS and conventional tDCS on standard Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI152) head model which is a T1 MRI volume obtained by averaging 152 individuals at 1 mm3 resolution. The study evaluates the role of disc, ring, and pad electrodes in various configurations of tDCS application. The approximate surface area for each electrode in HD-tDCS application considered in the study is 113 mm2. The significant difference in voltage distribution has been observed due to 1 × 1 HD-tDCS configuration on synthetic MRI of normal and lesion brain using disc and ring electrodes. For region specific approach, outer ring structured electrode configuration - an extended m x n HD-tDCS configuration is presented in this study. The proposed outer ring HD-tDCS configuration has been compared with m × 1 and m × 2 HD-tDCS configurations with different types of electrodes in terms of focality, induced electric field and voltage generated. On the basis of the insights gained from the analysis of various tDCS configurations on standard, normal and lesion structural data, the design of HD-tDCS as a tool in neuro-rehabilitation has been proposed. This computational model approach is useful in fixing various parameters of current stimulation: intensity, type and arrangement of electrodes and target region by using structural MRI data of an individual prior to the real stimulation in clinical trials.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008279	Magnetic Resonance Imaging	Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. The concept includes proton spin tomographic techniques.	Chemical Shift Imaging,MR Tomography,MRI Scans,MRI, Functional,Magnetic Resonance Image,Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Functional,Magnetization Transfer Contrast Imaging,NMR Imaging,NMR Tomography,Tomography, NMR,Tomography, Proton Spin,fMRI,Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging,Imaging, Chemical Shift,Proton Spin Tomography,Spin Echo Imaging,Steady-State Free Precession MRI,Tomography, MR,Zeugmatography,Chemical Shift Imagings,Echo Imaging, Spin,Echo Imagings, Spin,Functional MRI,Functional MRIs,Image, Magnetic Resonance,Imaging, Magnetic Resonance,Imaging, NMR,Imaging, Spin Echo,Imagings, Chemical Shift,Imagings, Spin Echo,MRI Scan,MRIs, Functional,Magnetic Resonance Images,Resonance Image, Magnetic,Scan, MRI,Scans, MRI,Shift Imaging, Chemical,Shift Imagings, Chemical,Spin Echo Imagings,Steady State Free Precession MRI
D001921	Brain	The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.	Encephalon
D003198	Computer Simulation	Computer-based representation of physical systems and phenomena such as chemical processes.	Computational Modeling,Computational Modelling,Computer Models,In silico Modeling,In silico Models,In silico Simulation,Models, Computer,Computerized Models,Computer Model,Computer Simulations,Computerized Model,In silico Model,Model, Computer,Model, Computerized,Model, In silico,Modeling, Computational,Modeling, In silico,Modelling, Computational,Simulation, Computer,Simulation, In silico,Simulations, Computer
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000071080	Cortical Excitability	Measurable changes in activities in the CEREBRAL CORTEX upon a stimulation. A change in cortical excitability as measured by various techniques (e.g., TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION) is associated with brain disorders.	Cortical Excitabilities,Excitabilities, Cortical,Excitability, Cortical
D065908	Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation	A technique of brain electric stimulation therapy which uses constant, low current delivered via ELECTRODES placed on various locations on the scalp.	Anodal Stimulation Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation,Anodal Stimulation tDCS,Cathodal Stimulation Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation,Cathodal Stimulation tDCS,Repetitive Transcranial Electrical Stimulation,Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation,Transcranial Electrical Stimulation,Transcranial Random Noise Stimulation,tDCS,Anodal Stimulation tDCSs,Cathodal Stimulation tDCSs,Electrical Stimulation, Transcranial,Electrical Stimulations, Transcranial,Stimulation tDCS, Anodal,Stimulation tDCS, Cathodal,Stimulation tDCSs, Anodal,Stimulation tDCSs, Cathodal,Stimulation, Transcranial Electrical,Stimulations, Transcranial Electrical,Transcranial Electrical Stimulations,tDCS, Anodal Stimulation,tDCS, Cathodal Stimulation,tDCSs, Anodal Stimulation,tDCSs, Cathodal Stimulation