Oxygen in the neonatal period: Oxidative stress, oxygen load and epigenetic changes. 2020

Sheila Lorente-Pozo, and Anna Parra-Llorca, and Inmaculada Lara-Cantón, and Alvaro Solaz, and José Luis García-Jiménez, and Federico V Pallardó, and Máximo Vento
Neonatal Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, Valencia, Spain. Electronic address: slopo@alumni.uv.es.

Preterm infants frequently require positive pressure ventilation and oxygen supplementation in the first minutes after birth. It has been shown that the amount of oxygen provided during stabilization, the oxygen load, if excessive may cause hyperoxia, and oxidative damage to DNA. Epidemiologic studies have associated supplementation with pure oxygen in the first minutes after birth with childhood cancer. Recent studies have shown that the amount of oxygen supplemented to preterm infants after birth modifies the epigenome. Of note, the degree of DNA hyper-or hypomethylation correlates with the oxygen load provided upon stabilization. If these epigenetic modifications would persist, oxygen supplied in the first minutes after birth could have long term consequences. Further studies with a robust power calculation and long-term follow up are needed to bear out the long-term consequences of oxygen supplementation during postnatal stabilization of preterm infants.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007223 Infant A child between 1 and 23 months of age. Infants
D007231 Infant, Newborn An infant during the first 28 days after birth. Neonate,Newborns,Infants, Newborn,Neonates,Newborn,Newborn Infant,Newborn Infants
D007234 Infant, Premature A human infant born before 37 weeks of GESTATION. Neonatal Prematurity,Premature Infants,Preterm Infants,Infant, Preterm,Infants, Premature,Infants, Preterm,Premature Infant,Prematurity, Neonatal,Preterm Infant
D009359 Neonatology A subspecialty of Pediatrics concerned with the newborn infant.
D010100 Oxygen An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration. Dioxygen,Oxygen-16,Oxygen 16
D010102 Oxygen Inhalation Therapy Inhalation of oxygen aimed at restoring toward normal any pathophysiologic alterations of gas exchange in the cardiopulmonary system, as by the use of a respirator, nasal catheter, tent, chamber, or mask. (From Dorland, 27th ed & Stedman, 25th ed) Inhalation Therapy, Oxygen,Therapy, Oxygen Inhalation,Inhalation Therapies, Oxygen,Oxygen Inhalation Therapies,Therapies, Oxygen Inhalation
D002648 Child A person 6 to 12 years of age. An individual 2 to 5 years old is CHILD, PRESCHOOL. Children
D004249 DNA Damage Injuries to DNA that introduce deviations from its normal, intact structure and which may, if left unrepaired, result in a MUTATION or a block of DNA REPLICATION. These deviations may be caused by physical or chemical agents and occur by natural or unnatural, introduced circumstances. They include the introduction of illegitimate bases during replication or by deamination or other modification of bases; the loss of a base from the DNA backbone leaving an abasic site; single-strand breaks; double strand breaks; and intrastrand (PYRIMIDINE DIMERS) or interstrand crosslinking. Damage can often be repaired (DNA REPAIR). If the damage is extensive, it can induce APOPTOSIS. DNA Injury,DNA Lesion,DNA Lesions,Genotoxic Stress,Stress, Genotoxic,Injury, DNA,DNA Injuries
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D044127 Epigenesis, Genetic A genetic process by which the adult organism is realized via mechanisms that lead to the restriction in the possible fates of cells, eventually leading to their differentiated state. Mechanisms involved cause heritable changes to cells without changes to DNA sequence such as DNA METHYLATION; HISTONE modification; DNA REPLICATION TIMING; NUCLEOSOME positioning; and heterochromatization which result in selective gene expression or repression. Epigenetic Processes,Epigenetic Process,Epigenetics Processes,Genetic Epigenesis,Process, Epigenetic,Processes, Epigenetic,Processes, Epigenetics

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