Biomaterial Database

Relationship of dietary sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium with blood pressure. Belgian Interuniversity Research on Nutrition and Health. 1988

H Kesteloot, and J V Joossens

Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Leuven, Belgium.

From 1979 through 1984, a randomized epidemiological survey in Belgium assessed the dietary intake of sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium using 24-hour food records checked by trained dietitians. Dietary cation intake levels were correlated with blood pressure both in the total group (4167 men and 3891 women) and in the group not taking antihypertensive medication (3814 men and 3329 women). Serum sodium, potassium, calcium, and phosphorus were also measured. Multiple regression analysis adjusting for age, body mass index, heart rate, alcohol intake, and total caloric intake revealed a significant positive correlation between sodium intake and blood pressure in the group not treated for hypertension except for diastolic blood pressure in women. A significant negative correlation was found between dietary calcium intake and diastolic blood pressure in men and between dietary magnesium intake and systolic blood pressure in women. No independent effect of dietary potassium intake on blood pressure could be established. Significant but weak correlations were found between the dietary intake of sodium, potassium and calcium and their serum values. The study confirms the hypothesis that at the population level dietary cations are related to the regulation of blood pressure.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008274	Magnesium	A metallic element that has the atomic symbol Mg, atomic number 12, and atomic weight 24.31. It is important for the activity of many enzymes, especially those involved in OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION.
D008297	Male		Males
D008875	Middle Aged	An adult aged 45 - 64 years.	Middle Age
D011188	Potassium	An element in the alkali group of metals with an atomic symbol K, atomic number 19, and atomic weight 39.10. It is the chief cation in the intracellular fluid of muscle and other cells. Potassium ion is a strong electrolyte that plays a significant role in the regulation of fluid volume and maintenance of the WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE.
D001794	Blood Pressure	PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.	Systolic Pressure,Diastolic Pressure,Pulse Pressure,Pressure, Blood,Pressure, Diastolic,Pressure, Pulse,Pressure, Systolic,Pressures, Systolic
D002118	Calcium	A basic element found in nearly all tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.	Coagulation Factor IV,Factor IV,Blood Coagulation Factor IV,Calcium-40,Calcium 40,Factor IV, Coagulation
D002136	Calcium, Dietary	Calcium compounds in DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS or in food that supply the body with calcium.	Dietary Calcium
D005260	Female		Females
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000328	Adult	A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available.	Adults