Biomaterial Database

Ampicillin and pivampicillin in the treatment of urinary tract infection in children. 1977

O J Moe, and A Meberg, and J Eng

16 children, aged 1-10 years, suffering from urinary tract infection were randomly divided into two groups. Ten children were treated with ampicillin pediatric suspension in a dose of 100 mg ampicillin/kg/24 hours divided in 4 doses, and 6 children with pivampicillin base pediatric suspension in a dose of 64.8 mg/kg/24 hours divided in 4 doses (approximately 50 mg ampicillin/kg). The treatment period was 14 days with all infections being cured. Despite the fact that pivampicillin was administered in half of the dosage of ampicillin the resulting peak serum concentration was 65% higher and was achieved more rapidly. The bioavailability and urine concentration were also greater. A marked change in the rectal aerobic bacterial flora occurred during both treatment regimens. In 13 children (81%) a shift took place from ampicillin-sensitive E. coli to ampicillin-resistant Klebsiella strains as the predominating microbe, equally often in both groups of treatment. Ampicillin-resistant E. coli appeared in one child in each group.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007223	Infant	A child between 1 and 23 months of age.	Infants
D007422	Intestines	The section of the alimentary canal from the STOMACH to the ANAL CANAL. It includes the LARGE INTESTINE and SMALL INTESTINE.	Intestine
D010403	Penicillin Resistance	Nonsusceptibility of an organism to the action of penicillins.	Penicillin Resistances,Resistance, Penicillin,Resistances, Penicillin
D010917	Pivampicillin	Pivalate ester analog of AMPICILLIN.	Ampicillin Pivaloyl Ester,Berocillin,Pivamiser,Pivampicillin Hydrochloride,Pivampicillin Monohydrochloride,Pondocillin,Ester, Ampicillin Pivaloyl,Hydrochloride, Pivampicillin,Monohydrochloride, Pivampicillin
D002648	Child	A person 6 to 12 years of age. An individual 2 to 5 years old is CHILD, PRESCHOOL.	Children
D002675	Child, Preschool	A child between the ages of 2 and 5.	Children, Preschool,Preschool Child,Preschool Children
D002986	Clinical Trials as Topic	Works about pre-planned studies of the safety, efficacy, or optimum dosage schedule (if appropriate) of one or more diagnostic, therapeutic, or prophylactic drugs, devices, or techniques selected according to predetermined criteria of eligibility and observed for predefined evidence of favorable and unfavorable effects. This concept includes clinical trials conducted both in the U.S. and in other countries.	Clinical Trial as Topic
D004341	Drug Evaluation	Any process by which toxicity, metabolism, absorption, elimination, preferred route of administration, safe dosage range, etc., for a drug or group of drugs is determined through clinical assessment in humans or veterinary animals.	Evaluation Studies, Drug,Drug Evaluation Studies,Drug Evaluation Study,Drug Evaluations,Evaluation Study, Drug,Evaluation, Drug,Evaluations, Drug,Studies, Drug Evaluation,Study, Drug Evaluation
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000667	Ampicillin	Semi-synthetic derivative of penicillin that functions as an orally active broad-spectrum antibiotic.	Penicillin, Aminobenzyl,Amcill,Aminobenzylpenicillin,Ampicillin Sodium,Ampicillin Trihydrate,Antibiotic KS-R1,Omnipen,Pentrexyl,Polycillin,Ukapen,Aminobenzyl Penicillin,Antibiotic KS R1,KS-R1, Antibiotic,Sodium, Ampicillin,Trihydrate, Ampicillin