While the molecular epidemiology of extended-spectrum-b-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli is well known in Europe due to effective surveillance networks and substantial literature, data for Africa are less available, especially in Djibouti. We studied 31 isolates of ESBL-producing E. coli from Djibouti and compared these molecular results with data available in Africa. Susceptibility rates were 3.2% for ceftazidim, 48.4% for piperacillin-tazobactam, 90.3% for amikacine and 16.1% for ofloxacin. No isolate showed resistance to carbapenems or colistin. 30 E. coli (96.8%) were positive to blaCTX-M-15, 1 (3.2%) to blaCTX-M-14  and 10 (32.3%) to narrow-broad-spectrum blaTEM. No blaSHV were detected. Fluoroquinolone resistance analysis showed that 30 ofloxacin-resistant E. coli had the mutation Ser-83->Leu on the gyrA gene. 24 E. coli (77.4%) harboured the plasmid-borne aac(6 ')-Ib-cr gene. No E. coli carried the genes qnrA, qnrB and qepA. 10 isolates (32.3%) belonging to the ST131 clone. The plasmid incompatibility group most widely represented in our collection was IncFIA/IB/II. There is no major difference with African epidemiology. In particular, we notice the international diffusion of specific clonal group ST131.