Biomaterial Database

Medicaid expansion and infant mortality, revisited: A difference-in-differences analysis. 2020

Alexandra Wiggins, and Ibraheem M Karaye, and Jennifer A Horney

Department of Biology, University of Dayton, Dayton, Ohio.

To determine the association between Medicaid expansion and infant mortality rate (IMR) in the United States. State-level aggregate data on US IMR, race, and sex were abstracted from the US Center for Disease Control and Prevention's Wide-ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research. The association between Medicaid expansion and IMR adjusted for race and sex was assessed with multiple linear regression models using difference-in-differences estimation and Huber-White robust standard errors. Difference-in-differences regression found no association between Medicaid expansion status and change in national IMR from 2010 to 2017 (Coef. = 0.04; 95% CI: -0.39, 0.46). However, among Hispanics, the program was found to be associated with reduction in IMR (Diff-in-Diff Coef. = -0.53; 95% CI: -1.02, -0.03). Overall, the Affordable Care Act-induced Medicaid expansion was not associated with IMR reduction in expansion states relative to nonexpansion states. However, the program was associated with a significant IMR decline among Hispanics.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007223	Infant	A child between 1 and 23 months of age.	Infants
D007226	Infant Mortality	Postnatal deaths from BIRTH to 365 days after birth in a given population. Postneonatal mortality represents deaths between 28 days and 365 days after birth (as defined by National Center for Health Statistics). Neonatal mortality represents deaths from birth to 27 days after birth.	Neonatal Mortality,Mortality, Infant,Postneonatal Mortality,Infant Mortalities,Mortalities, Infant,Mortalities, Neonatal,Mortalities, Postneonatal,Mortality, Neonatal,Mortality, Postneonatal,Neonatal Mortalities,Postneonatal Mortalities
D008484	Medicaid	Federal program, created by Public Law 89-97, Title XIX, a 1965 amendment to the Social Security Act, administered by the states, that provides health care benefits to indigent and medically indigent persons.	Dental Medicaid Program,Medical Assistance, Title 19,Dental Medicaid Programs,Medicaid Program, Dental,Medicaid Programs, Dental,Program, Dental Medicaid,Programs, Dental Medicaid
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D014481	United States	A country in NORTH AMERICA between CANADA and MEXICO.
D017678	Sex Distribution	The number of males and females in a given population. The distribution may refer to how many men or women or what proportion of either in the group. The population is usually patients with a specific disease but the concept is not restricted to humans and is not restricted to medicine.	Distribution, Sex,Distributions, Sex,Sex Distributions
D058991	Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act	An Act prohibiting a health plan from establishing lifetime limits or annual limits on the dollar value of benefits for any participant or beneficiary after January 1, 2014. It permits a restricted annual limit for plan years beginning prior to January 1, 2014. It provides that a health plan shall not be prevented from placing annual or lifetime per-beneficiary limits on covered benefits. The Act sets up a competitive health insurance market.	Affordable Care Act,Affordable Care Act (ACA),Health Care Reform Act,Obamacare,PL 111-148,PL111-148,Public Law 111-148,111-148, PL,Act, Affordable Care,Acts, Affordable Care,Acts, Affordable Care (ACA),Affordable Care Acts,Care Act, Affordable,Care Act, Affordable (ACA),Care Acts, Affordable,PL 111 148,PL111 148,Public Law 111 148