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Contemporaneity of Australopithecus, Paranthropus, and early Homo erectus in South Africa. 2020
Andy I R Herries, and
Jesse M Martin, and
A B Leece, and
Justin W Adams, and
Giovanni Boschian, and
Renaud Joannes-Boyau, and
Tara R Edwards, and
Tom Mallett, and
Jason Massey, and
Ashleigh Murszewski, and
Simon Neubauer, and
Robyn Pickering, and
David S Strait, and
Brian J Armstrong, and
Stephanie Baker, and
Matthew V Caruana, and
Tim Denham, and
John Hellstrom, and
Jacopo Moggi-Cecchi, and
Simon Mokobane, and
Paul Penzo-Kajewski, and
Douglass S Rovinsky, and
Gary T Schwartz, and
Rhiannon C Stammers, and
Coen Wilson, and
Jon Woodhead, and
Colin Menter
Palaeoscience, Department of Archaeology and History, La Trobe University, Bundoora, 3086 VIC, Australia. a.herries@latrobe.edu.au.
Understanding the extinction of Australopithecus and origins of Paranthropus and Homo in South Africa has been hampered by the perceived complex geological context of hominin fossils, poor chronological resolution, and a lack of well-preserved early Homo specimens. We describe, date, and contextualize the discovery of two hominin crania from Drimolen Main Quarry in South Africa. At ~2.04 million to 1.95 million years old, DNH 152 represents the earliest definitive occurrence of Paranthropus robustus, and DNH 134 represents the earliest occurrence of a cranium with clear affinities to Homo erectus These crania also show that Homo, Paranthropus, and Australopithecus were contemporaneous at ~2 million years ago. This high taxonomic diversity is also reflected in non-hominin species and provides evidence of endemic evolution and dispersal during a period of climatic variability.
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Renaud Joannes-Boyau, and
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Tom Mallett, and
Jason Massey, and
Ashleigh Murszewski, and
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David S Strait, and
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Simon Mokobane, and
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Jon Woodhead, and
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Jacopo Moggi-Cecchi, and
Simon Mokobane, and
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Renaud Joannes-Boyau, and
Tara R Edwards, and
Tom Mallett, and
Jason Massey, and
Ashleigh Murszewski, and
Simon Neubauer, and
Robyn Pickering, and
David S Strait, and
Brian J Armstrong, and
Stephanie Baker, and
Matthew V Caruana, and
Tim Denham, and
John Hellstrom, and
Jacopo Moggi-Cecchi, and
Simon Mokobane, and
Paul Penzo-Kajewski, and
Douglass S Rovinsky, and
Gary T Schwartz, and
Rhiannon C Stammers, and
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Tom Mallett, and
Jason Massey, and
Ashleigh Murszewski, and
Simon Neubauer, and
Robyn Pickering, and
David S Strait, and
Brian J Armstrong, and
Stephanie Baker, and
Matthew V Caruana, and
Tim Denham, and
John Hellstrom, and
Jacopo Moggi-Cecchi, and
Simon Mokobane, and
Paul Penzo-Kajewski, and
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