BIOMAT Database Logo BIOMAT Database Logo

Defense reaction elicited by microinjection of kainic acid in the medial hypothalamus of the rat. 1988

M C Silveira, and F G Graeff
Departamento de Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Brasil.

In order to localize groups of neurons commanding the defense reaction, a subtoxic dose (66 pmol) of kainic acid was microinjected into the medial hypothalamus of the rat. After drug treatment, the animals were placed inside a shuttle-box for 15 min and the number of midline crossings, rearings and forward leaps were recorded. Autonomic changes such as occurrence of micturition and defecation were also measured. Injection of kainic acid significantly increased locomotion, rearing and micturition, indicating that the medial hypothalamus of the rat contains perikarya/dendrites of neurons integrating the defense reaction.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007033 Hypothalamus, Middle Middle portion of the hypothalamus containing the arcuate, dorsomedial, ventromedial nuclei, the TUBER CINEREUM and the PITUITARY GLAND. Hypothalamus, Medial,Intermediate Hypothalamic Region,Hypothalamic Region, Intermediate,Hypothalamic Regions, Intermediate,Intermediate Hypothalamic Regions,Medial Hypothalamus,Middle Hypothalamus,Region, Intermediate Hypothalamic,Regions, Intermediate Hypothalamic
D007608 Kainic Acid (2S-(2 alpha,3 beta,4 beta))-2-Carboxy-4-(1-methylethenyl)-3-pyrrolidineacetic acid. Ascaricide obtained from the red alga Digenea simplex. It is a potent excitatory amino acid agonist at some types of excitatory amino acid receptors and has been used to discriminate among receptor types. Like many excitatory amino acid agonists it can cause neurotoxicity and has been used experimentally for that purpose. Digenic Acid,Kainate,Acid, Digenic,Acid, Kainic
D008297 Male Males
D008845 Microinjections The injection of very small amounts of fluid, often with the aid of a microscope and microsyringes. Microinjection
D009474 Neurons The basic cellular units of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the NERVOUS SYSTEM. Nerve Cells,Cell, Nerve,Cells, Nerve,Nerve Cell,Neuron
D011595 Psychomotor Agitation A feeling of restlessness associated with increased motor activity. This may occur as a manifestation of nervous system drug toxicity or other conditions. Agitation, Psychomotor,Akathisia,Excitement, Psychomotor,Restlessness,Psychomotor Hyperactivity,Psychomotor Restlessness,Hyperactivity, Psychomotor,Psychomotor Excitement,Restlessness, Psychomotor
D011919 Rats, Inbred Strains Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. This also includes animals with a long history of closed colony breeding. August Rats,Inbred Rat Strains,Inbred Strain of Rat,Inbred Strain of Rats,Inbred Strains of Rats,Rat, Inbred Strain,August Rat,Inbred Rat Strain,Inbred Strain Rat,Inbred Strain Rats,Inbred Strains Rat,Inbred Strains Rats,Rat Inbred Strain,Rat Inbred Strains,Rat Strain, Inbred,Rat Strains, Inbred,Rat, August,Rat, Inbred Strains,Rats Inbred Strain,Rats Inbred Strains,Rats, August,Rats, Inbred Strain,Strain Rat, Inbred,Strain Rats, Inbred,Strain, Inbred Rat,Strains, Inbred Rat
D004924 Escape Reaction Innate response elicited by sensory stimuli associated with a threatening situation, or actual confrontation with an enemy. Flight Reaction,Escape Reactions,Flight Reactions,Reaction, Escape,Reaction, Flight,Reactions, Escape,Reactions, Flight
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D051381 Rats The common name for the genus Rattus. Rattus,Rats, Laboratory,Rats, Norway,Rattus norvegicus,Laboratory Rat,Laboratory Rats,Norway Rat,Norway Rats,Rat,Rat, Laboratory,Rat, Norway,norvegicus, Rattus

Related Publications

M C Silveira, and F G Graeff
Microinjection of kainic acid into the rat hippocampus.
August 1978, European journal of pharmacology,
M C Silveira, and F G Graeff
Defense reaction elicited by injection of GABA antagonists and synthesis inhibitors into the posterior hypothalamus in rats.
May 1987, Neuropharmacology,
M C Silveira, and F G Graeff
Microinjection of kainic acid into the hypothalamus of golden hamsters prevents vasopressin-dependent flank-marking behavior.
January 1986, Neuroendocrinology,
M C Silveira, and F G Graeff
[Effects of the injection of kainic acid into the medial hypothalamus on the secretion of corticolipotropic hormones in the rat].
September 1981, Comptes rendus des seances de l'Academie des sciences. Serie III, Sciences de la vie,
M C Silveira, and F G Graeff
Integrated defence reaction elicited by excitatory amino acid microinjection in the midbrain periaqueductal grey region of the unrestrained cat.
January 1988, Brain research,
M C Silveira, and F G Graeff
Acute tachycardia and pressor effects following injections of kainic acid into the antero-dorsal medial hypothalamus.
June 1987, Neuropharmacology,
M C Silveira, and F G Graeff
Upregulation of arginine vasopressin synthesis in the rat hypothalamus after kainic acid-induced seizures.
November 2011, Brain research,
M C Silveira, and F G Graeff
Obesity induced by kainic acid microlesion in the ventromedial hypothalamus in rats.
January 1986, Acta physiologica Hungarica,
M C Silveira, and F G Graeff
Analgesia induced by morphine microinjection into the lateral hypothalamus of the rat.
August 1995, Experimental neurology,
M C Silveira, and F G Graeff
Elicitation of intraspecific defence reactions in the rat from midbrain periaqueductal grey by microinjection of kainic acid, without neurotoxic effects.
June 1988, Neuroscience letters,
Copied contents to your clipboard!