Biomaterial Database

Vancomycin pharmacokinetics in critically ill neonates receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. 2020

Sook Hee An, and Eun Mi Lee, and Jae Yeon Kim, and Hye Sun Gwak

College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea.

This study aimed to characterise vancomycin pharmacokinetics in critically ill neonates undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. In a retrospective analysis, the pharmacokinetics of vancomycin were determined in 25 full-term neonates receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and compared with those of matched controls (n = 25) not receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. The half-life of vancomycin in the neonates undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was significantly prolonged compared with that in the controls (17.45 ± 11.01 hour vs 5.92 ± 2.70 hour, P<0.001). Clearance decreased significantly in the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation group relative to the control group (0.03 ± 0.02 L/kg/hr vs 0.08 ± 0.05 L/kg/hr, P<0.001). No significant difference was found in the volume of distribution between the two groups (0.63 ± 0.30 L/kg in the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation group vs 0.57 ± 0.14 L/kg/hr in control, P=0.596). Clearance values were significantly correlated with serum creatinine (r = - 0.528, P<0.001). In the subgroup analysis using patients with serum creatinine < 0.5 mg/dL, similar results were obtained including significantly prolonged half-life (11.52 ± 6.31 hour vs 5.44 ± 2.36 hour, P<0.001) and decreased clearance (0.05 ± 0.02 L/kg/hr vs 0.09 ± 0.05 L/kg/hr, P<0.001) in the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation group relative to the control group. Vancomycin clearance decreased significantly in the neonates undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation compared with the controls. Dosing adjustments of vancomycin and close therapeutic drug monitoring are required for the safe and effective management of neonates during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007231	Infant, Newborn	An infant during the first 28 days after birth.	Neonate,Newborns,Infants, Newborn,Neonates,Newborn,Newborn Infant,Newborn Infants
D007262	Infusions, Intravenous	The long-term (minutes to hours) administration of a fluid into the vein through venipuncture, either by letting the fluid flow by gravity or by pumping it.	Drip Infusions,Intravenous Drip,Intravenous Infusions,Drip Infusion,Drip, Intravenous,Infusion, Drip,Infusion, Intravenous,Infusions, Drip,Intravenous Infusion
D008297	Male		Males
D005260	Female		Females
D006207	Half-Life	The time it takes for a substance (drug, radioactive nuclide, or other) to lose half of its pharmacologic, physiologic, or radiologic activity.	Halflife,Half Life,Half-Lifes,Halflifes
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000900	Anti-Bacterial Agents	Substances that inhibit the growth or reproduction of BACTERIA.	Anti-Bacterial Agent,Anti-Bacterial Compound,Anti-Mycobacterial Agent,Antibacterial Agent,Antibiotics,Antimycobacterial Agent,Bacteriocidal Agent,Bacteriocide,Anti-Bacterial Compounds,Anti-Mycobacterial Agents,Antibacterial Agents,Antibiotic,Antimycobacterial Agents,Bacteriocidal Agents,Bacteriocides,Agent, Anti-Bacterial,Agent, Anti-Mycobacterial,Agent, Antibacterial,Agent, Antimycobacterial,Agent, Bacteriocidal,Agents, Anti-Bacterial,Agents, Anti-Mycobacterial,Agents, Antibacterial,Agents, Antimycobacterial,Agents, Bacteriocidal,Anti Bacterial Agent,Anti Bacterial Agents,Anti Bacterial Compound,Anti Bacterial Compounds,Anti Mycobacterial Agent,Anti Mycobacterial Agents,Compound, Anti-Bacterial,Compounds, Anti-Bacterial
D012189	Retrospective Studies	Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.	Retrospective Study,Studies, Retrospective,Study, Retrospective
D014640	Vancomycin	Antibacterial obtained from Streptomyces orientalis. It is a glycopeptide related to RISTOCETIN that inhibits bacterial cell wall assembly and is toxic to kidneys and the inner ear.	AB-Vancomycin,Diatracin,VANCO-cell,Vanco Azupharma,Vanco-saar,Vancocin,Vancocin HCl,Vancocine,Vancomicina Abbott,Vancomicina Chiesi,Vancomicina Combino Phar,Vancomicina Norman,Vancomycin Hexal,Vancomycin Hydrochloride,Vancomycin Lilly,Vancomycin Phosphate (1:2),Vancomycin Phosphate (1:2), Decahydrate,Vancomycin Sulfate,Vancomycin-ratiopharm,Vancomycine Dakota,Hydrochloride, Vancomycin,Sulfate, Vancomycin
D015199	Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation	Application of a life support system that circulates the blood through an oxygenating system, which may consist of a pump, a membrane oxygenator, and a heat exchanger. Examples of its use are to assist victims of SMOKE INHALATION INJURY; RESPIRATORY FAILURE; and CARDIAC FAILURE.	ECMO Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation,Oxygenation, Extracorporeal Membrane,Venoarterial ECMO,Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation,Venovenous ECMO,Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation,ECLS Treatment,ECMO Treatment,Extracorporeal Life Support,ECLS Treatments,ECMO Treatments,ECMO, Venoarterial,ECMO, Venovenous,Extracorporeal Life Supports,Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenations,Life Support, Extracorporeal,Membrane Oxygenation, Extracorporeal,Treatment, ECLS,Treatment, ECMO,Venoarterial ECMOs,Venovenous ECMOs