The interplay of autophagy and non-apoptotic cell death pathways. 2020

Dannah R Miller, and Scott D Cramer, and Andrew Thorburn
Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States.

Autophagy, the process of macromolecular degradation through the lysosome, has been extensively studied for the past decade or two. Autophagy can regulate cell death, especially apoptosis, through selective degradation of both positive and negative apoptosis regulators. However, multiple other programmed cell death pathways exist. As knowledge of these other types of cell death expand, it has been suggested that they also interact with autophagy. In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms that comprise three non-apoptotic forms of cell death (necroptosis, pyroptosis and ferroptosis) focusing on how the autophagy machinery regulates these different cell death mechanisms through (i) its degradative functions, i.e., true autophagy, and (ii) other non-degradative functions of the autophagy machinery such as serving as a signaling scaffold or by participating in other autophagy-independent cellular processes.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D009336 Necrosis The death of cells in an organ or tissue due to disease, injury or failure of the blood supply.
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000069292 Pyroptosis Type of programmed cell death associated with infection by intracellular pathogens. It is characterized by INFLAMMASOME formation; activation of CASPASE 1; and CYTOKINES mediated inflammation. Caspase-1 Dependent Cell Death,Inflammatory Apoptosis,Pyroptotic Cell Death,Apoptoses, Inflammatory,Apoptosis, Inflammatory,Caspase 1 Dependent Cell Death,Cell Death, Pyroptotic,Cell Deaths, Pyroptotic,Death, Pyroptotic Cell,Deaths, Pyroptotic Cell,Inflammatory Apoptoses,Pyroptoses,Pyroptotic Cell Deaths
D000079403 Ferroptosis A form of REGULATED CELL DEATH initiated by oxidative perturbations of the intracellular microenvironment that is under constitutive control by glutathione peroxidase 4 and can be inhibited by iron chelators and lipophilic antioxidants. Oxytosis
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001343 Autophagy The segregation and degradation of various cytoplasmic constituents via engulfment by MULTIVESICULAR BODIES; VACUOLES; or AUTOPHAGOSOMES and their digestion by LYSOSOMES. It plays an important role in BIOLOGICAL METAMORPHOSIS and in the removal of bone by OSTEOCLASTS. Defective autophagy is associated with various diseases, including NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES and cancer. Autophagocytosis,ER-Phagy,Lipophagy,Nucleophagy,Reticulophagy,Ribophagy,Autophagy, Cellular,Cellular Autophagy,ER Phagy

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