Femoral nerve split with variant iliacus muscle: a potential source of femoral nerve entrapment. 2020

Jung-Ah Park, and Shin-Hyo Lee, and Ki-Seok Koh, and Wu-Chul Song
Department of Anatomy, Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.

The iliacus muscle is a large, flat, triangle-shaped muscle located in the iliac fossa. This muscle forms part of the iliopsoas muscle complex. Although anatomical variations of iliacus muscles are rare, some variations are clinically important due to the possible coexistence of an unusual course of the femoral nerve. The femoral nerve is the largest branch of the lumbar plexus and supplies the muscles and skin in the anterior aspect of the thigh. We encountered a case of a single aberrant slip of the iliacus muscle piercing the femoral nerve in the left iliac fossa of a male cadaver aged 97 years. The potential clinical importance of this variant iliacus muscle accompanied by a femoral nerve split would be femoral neuropathy and possible consequent alterations of sensation in the anterior and medial aspects of the thigh or motor deficit of the quadriceps muscle.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007085 Ilium The largest of three bones that make up each half of the pelvic girdle. Auricular Surface of Ilium,Iliac Crest,Iliac Crest Bone,Iliac Fossa,Bones, Iliac Crest,Crest Bone, Iliac,Crest Bones, Iliac,Crest, Iliac,Crests, Iliac,Fossa, Iliac,Iliac Crest Bones,Iliac Crests,Iliums
D008297 Male Males
D009408 Nerve Compression Syndromes Mechanical compression of nerves or nerve roots from internal or external causes. These may result in a conduction block to nerve impulses (due to MYELIN SHEATH dysfunction) or axonal loss. The nerve and nerve sheath injuries may be caused by ISCHEMIA; INFLAMMATION; or a direct mechanical effect. Entrapment Neuropathies,Nerve Entrapments,External Nerve Compression Syndromes,Internal Nerve Compression Syndromes,Nerve Compression Syndromes, External,Nerve Compression Syndromes, Internal,Compression Syndrome, Nerve,Compression Syndromes, Nerve,Entrapment, Nerve,Entrapments, Nerve,Nerve Compression Syndrome,Nerve Entrapment,Neuropathies, Entrapment,Neuropathy, Entrapment,Syndrome, Nerve Compression,Syndromes, Nerve Compression
D002102 Cadaver A dead body, usually a human body. Corpse,Cadavers,Corpses
D005267 Femoral Nerve A nerve originating in the lumbar spinal cord (usually L2 to L4) and traveling through the lumbar plexus to provide motor innervation to extensors of the thigh and sensory innervation to parts of the thigh, lower leg, and foot, and to the hip and knee joints. Femoral Nerves,Nerve, Femoral,Nerves, Femoral
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000369 Aged, 80 and over Persons 80 years of age and older. Oldest Old
D018482 Muscle, Skeletal A subtype of striated muscle, attached by TENDONS to the SKELETON. Skeletal muscles are innervated and their movement can be consciously controlled. They are also called voluntary muscles. Anterior Tibial Muscle,Gastrocnemius Muscle,Muscle, Voluntary,Plantaris Muscle,Skeletal Muscle,Soleus Muscle,Muscle, Anterior Tibial,Muscle, Gastrocnemius,Muscle, Plantaris,Muscle, Soleus,Muscles, Skeletal,Muscles, Voluntary,Skeletal Muscles,Tibial Muscle, Anterior,Voluntary Muscle,Voluntary Muscles
D020428 Femoral Neuropathy Disease involving the femoral nerve. The femoral nerve may be injured by ISCHEMIA (e.g., in association with DIABETIC NEUROPATHIES), nerve compression, trauma, COLLAGEN DISEASES, and other disease processes. Clinical features include MUSCLE WEAKNESS or PARALYSIS of hip flexion and knee extension, ATROPHY of the QUADRICEPS MUSCLE, reduced or absent patellar reflex, and impaired sensation over the anterior and medial thigh. Femoral Mononeuropathy,Femoral Nerve Diseases,Mononeuropathy, Femoral,Neuropathy, Femoral,Bernhardt-Roth Syndrome,Femoral Nerve Dysfunction,Femoral Neuritis,Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve Entrapment,Meralgia Paresthetica,Bernhardt Roth Syndrome,Femoral Mononeuropathies,Femoral Nerve Disease,Femoral Nerve Dysfunctions,Femoral Neuritides,Femoral Neuropathies,Nerve Disease, Femoral,Nerve Diseases, Femoral,Nerve Dysfunction, Femoral,Neuritis, Femoral
D063405 Anatomic Variation Peculiarities associated with the internal structure, form, topology, or architecture of organisms that distinguishes them from others of the same species or group.

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