Biomaterial Database

Early events in target-cell lysis by cytotoxic T cells. 1988

V H Engelhard, and J R Gnarra, and J Sullivan, and G L Mandell, and L S Gray

Department of Microbiology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville 22908.

Using ratio-imaging fluorescence microscopy, we have investigated the changes in intracellular Ca2+ [( Ca2+]i) that occurred in cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) upon target-cell binding. This process resulted in a rapid increase in [Ca2+]i, which was localized in the region of the CTL in contact with the target cell. This increase was mediated both by influx from the external medium as well as by release from intracellular stores. Although the magnitude of the initial increase in [Ca2+]i was not dependent upon the presence of extracellular Ca2+, influx was necessary for sustained elevation of [Ca2+]i. Inasmuch as target-cell lysis by the CTL clone used is dependent on extracellular Ca2+, this suggests that a prolonged elevation of [Ca2+]i is necessary for lytic function. It was also shown that the increase in [Ca2+]i and its subsequent decay show several pulsations. The mechanism by which these variations are generated and their possible function is not known. Finally, a role for K+ efflux in the control of the antigen-induced increase in [Ca2+]i was demonstrated. Thus it is becoming clear that signal transduction in CTL is remarkably complex, involving several ionic species and second messengers.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007211	Indoles	Benzopyrroles with the nitrogen at the number one carbon adjacent to the benzyl portion, in contrast to ISOINDOLES which have the nitrogen away from the six-membered ring.
D007700	Kinetics	The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
D008856	Microscopy, Fluorescence	Microscopy of specimens stained with fluorescent dye (usually fluorescein isothiocyanate) or of naturally fluorescent materials, which emit light when exposed to ultraviolet or blue light. Immunofluorescence microscopy utilizes antibodies that are labeled with fluorescent dye.	Fluorescence Microscopy,Immunofluorescence Microscopy,Microscopy, Immunofluorescence,Fluorescence Microscopies,Immunofluorescence Microscopies,Microscopies, Fluorescence,Microscopies, Immunofluorescence
D002118	Calcium	A basic element found in nearly all tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.	Coagulation Factor IV,Factor IV,Blood Coagulation Factor IV,Calcium-40,Calcium 40,Factor IV, Coagulation
D002460	Cell Line	Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.	Cell Lines,Line, Cell,Lines, Cell
D003602	Cytotoxicity, Immunologic	The phenomenon of target cell destruction by immunologically active effector cells. It may be brought about directly by sensitized T-lymphocytes or by lymphoid or myeloid "killer" cells, or it may be mediated by cytotoxic antibody, cytotoxic factor released by lymphoid cells, or complement.	Tumoricidal Activity, Immunologic,Immunologic Cytotoxicity,Immunologic Tumoricidal Activities,Immunologic Tumoricidal Activity,Tumoricidal Activities, Immunologic
D005456	Fluorescent Dyes	Chemicals that emit light after excitation by light. The wave length of the emitted light is usually longer than that of the incident light. Fluorochromes are substances that cause fluorescence in other substances, i.e., dyes used to mark or label other compounds with fluorescent tags.	Flourescent Agent,Fluorescent Dye,Fluorescent Probe,Fluorescent Probes,Fluorochrome,Fluorochromes,Fluorogenic Substrates,Fluorescence Agents,Fluorescent Agents,Fluorogenic Substrate,Agents, Fluorescence,Agents, Fluorescent,Dyes, Fluorescent,Probes, Fluorescent,Substrates, Fluorogenic
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001572	Benzofurans	Compounds that contain a BENZENE ring fused to a furan ring.	Coumarones,Diphenylbenzofuran
D013050	Spectrometry, Fluorescence	Measurement of the intensity and quality of fluorescence.	Fluorescence Spectrophotometry,Fluorescence Spectroscopy,Spectrofluorometry,Fluorescence Spectrometry,Spectrophotometry, Fluorescence,Spectroscopy, Fluorescence