OBJECTIVE The aim: Determining the frequency of occurrence of paraauricular fistula in children and comparing the results of their own experience regarding their clinical manifestations, treatment principles and morphological features with existing scientific data. METHODS Materials and methods: The results of a comprehensive examination and surgical treatment of 25 children with paraauricular fistulas. RESULTS Results: Most often, para-auricular fistula was observed in infants 22 - (88%). In 18 persons (72%), they were unilateral, in 10 - (40%) hereditary. In 8 - (32%), fistula was diagnosed immediately after birth. In 17 - (68%) the pathology was not clinically manifested, but was an accidental finding during the next medical examination. Morphological research has shown that congenital paraauricular fistula is a formed canal intimately associated with the epithelium and cartilage, and the presence of epithelial lining on the fistula wall with constant support of the inflammatory process makes it impossible to heal even against the background of multicomponent treatment. CONCLUSIONS Conclusions: Due to the topographic-anatomical localization, features of the clinic of the born fistula, surgical treatment does not always allow to achieve the desired results, and requires repeated interventions during recurrence. It is possible to prevent recurrence by the extensive use of additional diagnostic manipulations before surgery and careful wound control during surgical procedures.